<p>Sixteen oil and gas facilities in Pakistan were characterised for evaluation of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM). This first-of-its-kind study may determine the need to establish national regulatory requirements for NORM activities. Gamma dose rates at each site and specific activities of ²²⁶Ra, ²²⁸Ra and ⁴⁰K in samples of scale, sludge, produced water, and soil by gamma spectrometry were measured. Subsequently, Annual Effective Doses due to external exposure were estimated. Results were found below the exemption levels. Based on maximum levels of ²²⁶Ra in sludge and scale along with radionuclides buildup over time, facilities were advised to regularly assess NORM.</p>