Use of silver-containing sorbents in anionic species of radioactive iodine management in nuclear industry and the methods of obtaining them

Sorbents for anionic species of iodine are required at every stage of ¹²⁹I management. Development of iodine adsorbing material suitable for usage as engineered safety barriers (ESB) component in deep geological repository (DGR) sites or geological disposal facilities (GDF) is a particularly important concern due to the final of disposal iodine-containing radioactive waste is one of the most challenging problem in nuclear industry nowadays. This literature review discusses data on silver-containing materials, which are characterized with the highest sorption properties towards anionic iodine species and high fixation permanence of radioiodine. Emphasis is on materials with high surface area modified with silver in various chemical forms (Ag⁺, Ag⁰, Ag₂O, AgCl etc.), methods of these materials obtaining are analyzed. Studying of data reported in scientific literature shows that porous materials with silver applied on the surface as insoluble compounds, such as silver (I) oxide, silver chloride or bromide, are the most advantageous for usage as ESB component in DGR sites for anionic radioiodine species uptake.