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<p>This study investigates a multilayer polymer system composed of an outer heat-shrinkable polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film, several biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films, and a metallized reflective backing, which produces measurable color changes in reflected polarized light upon thermally induced shrinkage and compression. Compressive stresses in the range 0.8 to 3.5&#xa0;MPa were generated by isometric thermal cycling of PVC film (5 independent tests) on a laboratory apparatus simulating the sealing of electrical cable joints. Spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated that the spectral reflectance maximum of the single BOPP layer through PVC assembly shifts from approximately 530&#xa0;nm to 590&#xa0;nm after 50% shrinkage of the outer layer, corresponding to a visible color transition from green to yellow. Color difference values (ΔE, CIE76) between compressed and uncompressed states ranged from 10 to 58 units, depending on the number of BOPP layers and the metallized substrate. The observed optical changes are consistent with stress-induced modification of birefringence. The stepped spiral configuration of BOPP strips produces discrete optical zones that permit qualitative differentiation of compression states during cable joint assembly without electronic instrumentation. The approach uses commercially available polymer films and is applicable to quality monitoring of cable insulation and related assembly processes.</p>

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Thermally induced compressive stress and optical response in heat shrinkable polymer films

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Alexander P. Kondratov,
  • Alexandra Y. Pogiba,
  • Alex A. Volinsky

摘要

This study investigates a multilayer polymer system composed of an outer heat-shrinkable polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film, several biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films, and a metallized reflective backing, which produces measurable color changes in reflected polarized light upon thermally induced shrinkage and compression. Compressive stresses in the range 0.8 to 3.5 MPa were generated by isometric thermal cycling of PVC film (5 independent tests) on a laboratory apparatus simulating the sealing of electrical cable joints. Spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated that the spectral reflectance maximum of the single BOPP layer through PVC assembly shifts from approximately 530 nm to 590 nm after 50% shrinkage of the outer layer, corresponding to a visible color transition from green to yellow. Color difference values (ΔE, CIE76) between compressed and uncompressed states ranged from 10 to 58 units, depending on the number of BOPP layers and the metallized substrate. The observed optical changes are consistent with stress-induced modification of birefringence. The stepped spiral configuration of BOPP strips produces discrete optical zones that permit qualitative differentiation of compression states during cable joint assembly without electronic instrumentation. The approach uses commercially available polymer films and is applicable to quality monitoring of cable insulation and related assembly processes.