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<p>The global burden of bone fractures is projected to double by 2050, and this trend is driven by an aging population, higher incidence of car accidents, cancer-related bone damage, and osteoporosis, which compromises bone integrity. Addressing this growing challenge, bone tissue engineering (BTE) emerges as a promising strategy using polymeric scaffolds. These scaffolds must be biocompatible, bioresorbable, mechanically stable, and capable of promoting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Therefore, this study focuses on developing biocomposite scaffolds based on a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) / poly(butylene succinate) PBS (75/25 wt%) blend, incorporating biofillers: tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and bone powder (BP), to enhance BTE. The composites were produced via melt blending and evaluated using rheological and thermal characterization methods. The results indicated thermal degradation of the polymer matrix upon filler incorporation, as evidenced by reduced viscosity and thermal stability. Despite this, 3D printed scaffolds demonstrated reproducibility and mechanical properties suitable for bone repair. Interestingly, increasing filler concentrations (10 and 20 wt%) did not enhance mechanical performance but did not compromise the elastic modulus compared to the pure blend and pure PLA. The cytotoxicity assay showed that the scaffolds are non-cytotoxic. These results collectively suggest that the developed scaffolds may serve as promising options for bone tissue engineering.</p>

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Engineering 3D-printed PLA/PBS biocomposites based on tricalcium phosphate and bone powder for bone tissue applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月24日

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  • Luana Caroline Góis Lima,
  • Davi Felice Caetano,
  • Leonardo Alves Pinto,
  • Luiz Antonio Pessan,
  • Eduardo Henrique Backes

摘要

The global burden of bone fractures is projected to double by 2050, and this trend is driven by an aging population, higher incidence of car accidents, cancer-related bone damage, and osteoporosis, which compromises bone integrity. Addressing this growing challenge, bone tissue engineering (BTE) emerges as a promising strategy using polymeric scaffolds. These scaffolds must be biocompatible, bioresorbable, mechanically stable, and capable of promoting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Therefore, this study focuses on developing biocomposite scaffolds based on a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) / poly(butylene succinate) PBS (75/25 wt%) blend, incorporating biofillers: tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and bone powder (BP), to enhance BTE. The composites were produced via melt blending and evaluated using rheological and thermal characterization methods. The results indicated thermal degradation of the polymer matrix upon filler incorporation, as evidenced by reduced viscosity and thermal stability. Despite this, 3D printed scaffolds demonstrated reproducibility and mechanical properties suitable for bone repair. Interestingly, increasing filler concentrations (10 and 20 wt%) did not enhance mechanical performance but did not compromise the elastic modulus compared to the pure blend and pure PLA. The cytotoxicity assay showed that the scaffolds are non-cytotoxic. These results collectively suggest that the developed scaffolds may serve as promising options for bone tissue engineering.