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<p>To achieve the synergistic utilization of water and fertilizer in arid saline-alkali regions, this study developed a composite superabsorbent of carboxymethyl cellulose-grafted-polyacrylic acid (CMC-<i>g</i>-PAA/HA/CGFS) using coal gasification slag (CGFS) and humic acid (HA) as functional components. Structural characterization confirmed that PAA was successfully grafted onto the CMC backbone, and CGFS was uniformly dispersed within the polymer matrix, which not only enhanced the thermal stability of the composite but also significantly improved its pore connectivity and surface roughness. Benefiting from this structural advantage, the material achieved a water absorption capacity of 550&#xa0;g/g in distilled water and 71&#xa0;g/g in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution within 30&#xa0;min. When incorporated into saline-alkali soil at a 2 wt% application rate, the composite extended the soil water retention period from 23 to 36 days, increasing water retention efficiency by 56.5%. More importantly, the interaction between CGFS and the polymer matrix enabled a two-stage release pattern of HA, which was characterized by an initial fast release followed by a sustained slow release, thereby achieving phased nutrient supply. This synergistic effect of water retention and controlled release not only improved the efficiency of water and fertilizer management but also significantly promoted the growth of cabbage seedlings, with a 37.5% increase in total biomass. In summary, this study not only achieves the high-value utilization of CGFS but also provides a low-cost and efficient solution for the synergistic utilization of water and fertilizer in arid saline-alkali regions.</p>

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A multifunctional superabsorbent based on gasification slag for synergistic water retention and controlled nutrient release in saline-alkali soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Yan Liu,
  • Yali Yu,
  • Yongfeng F. Zhu,
  • Bin Mu,
  • Li Zong,
  • Aiqin Q. Wang

摘要

To achieve the synergistic utilization of water and fertilizer in arid saline-alkali regions, this study developed a composite superabsorbent of carboxymethyl cellulose-grafted-polyacrylic acid (CMC-g-PAA/HA/CGFS) using coal gasification slag (CGFS) and humic acid (HA) as functional components. Structural characterization confirmed that PAA was successfully grafted onto the CMC backbone, and CGFS was uniformly dispersed within the polymer matrix, which not only enhanced the thermal stability of the composite but also significantly improved its pore connectivity and surface roughness. Benefiting from this structural advantage, the material achieved a water absorption capacity of 550 g/g in distilled water and 71 g/g in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution within 30 min. When incorporated into saline-alkali soil at a 2 wt% application rate, the composite extended the soil water retention period from 23 to 36 days, increasing water retention efficiency by 56.5%. More importantly, the interaction between CGFS and the polymer matrix enabled a two-stage release pattern of HA, which was characterized by an initial fast release followed by a sustained slow release, thereby achieving phased nutrient supply. This synergistic effect of water retention and controlled release not only improved the efficiency of water and fertilizer management but also significantly promoted the growth of cabbage seedlings, with a 37.5% increase in total biomass. In summary, this study not only achieves the high-value utilization of CGFS but also provides a low-cost and efficient solution for the synergistic utilization of water and fertilizer in arid saline-alkali regions.