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<p>Two-dimensional montmorillonite (MMT) is an ideal nanofiller for enhancing the performance of polymers, but its natural hydrophilicity and tendency to agglomerate limit its application in hydrophobic polymers. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-intercalated modified montmorillonite (CTAB-OMMT) as an economically efficient and scalable polymer reinforcement system. The core reinforcement mechanism can be summarized in three steps: hydrophilic clay, hydrophobic nanosheets, and parallel orientation. When the interlayer spacing exceeds 1.5&#xa0;nm and the delamination degree is greater than 0.3, CTAB-OMMT nanosheets act as “nanobridges” in the polymer matrix. At an addition level as low as ≤ 5 wt%, significant performance improvements can be achieved: tensile strength increases by 20–80%, modulus increases by 30–200%, oxygen/water vapor transmission rate reduces by more than 90%, while maintaining the material’s toughness. This article provides an in-depth review of the intercalation process window of CTAB, multi-scale characterization techniques (FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM), and the intrinsic mechanisms of mechanical reinforcement, barrier performance, and thermal stability. Particularly important is the focus on three successfully industrialized application cases—food packaging, medical stoppers, and halogen-free flame-retardant cables, demonstrating a feasible route of “no change in intercalating agent, rapid implementation”. By strictly adhering to key process parameters (low-temperature processing, high-shear dispersion, ≤ 5 wt% addition level), CTAB-OMMT offers a directly applicable path for high-performance, lightweight, and recyclable polymer composites in next-generation packaging, medical, and new energy application fields.</p>

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From interpenetration to enhancement: a review on the development and application of layered silicate reinforced polymer nanocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Xiaochen Bao,
  • Tianyu Lan,
  • Liwu Zu,
  • Shaobo Dong,
  • Binghua Hou,
  • Shengnan Liu,
  • Jinying Yan,
  • Jifa Liu,
  • Ping Zhang,
  • Jiaxing Xie

摘要

Two-dimensional montmorillonite (MMT) is an ideal nanofiller for enhancing the performance of polymers, but its natural hydrophilicity and tendency to agglomerate limit its application in hydrophobic polymers. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-intercalated modified montmorillonite (CTAB-OMMT) as an economically efficient and scalable polymer reinforcement system. The core reinforcement mechanism can be summarized in three steps: hydrophilic clay, hydrophobic nanosheets, and parallel orientation. When the interlayer spacing exceeds 1.5 nm and the delamination degree is greater than 0.3, CTAB-OMMT nanosheets act as “nanobridges” in the polymer matrix. At an addition level as low as ≤ 5 wt%, significant performance improvements can be achieved: tensile strength increases by 20–80%, modulus increases by 30–200%, oxygen/water vapor transmission rate reduces by more than 90%, while maintaining the material’s toughness. This article provides an in-depth review of the intercalation process window of CTAB, multi-scale characterization techniques (FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM), and the intrinsic mechanisms of mechanical reinforcement, barrier performance, and thermal stability. Particularly important is the focus on three successfully industrialized application cases—food packaging, medical stoppers, and halogen-free flame-retardant cables, demonstrating a feasible route of “no change in intercalating agent, rapid implementation”. By strictly adhering to key process parameters (low-temperature processing, high-shear dispersion, ≤ 5 wt% addition level), CTAB-OMMT offers a directly applicable path for high-performance, lightweight, and recyclable polymer composites in next-generation packaging, medical, and new energy application fields.