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<p>In this work, a trisphenol (TR) was synthesized using hydroxybenzaldehyde and phenol under appropriate experimental conditions. Tri-functional benzoxazines were synthesised utilizing trisphenol (TR) with four different amines, 2-allylamine (<b>aa</b>), furan-2-ylmethanamine (<b>ffa</b>), cyclohexanamine (<b>cha</b>) and adamantan-1-amine (<b>ada</b>) in the presence of paraformaldehyde through Mannich condensation. The TR based furan-2-ylmethanamine polybenzoxazine was chosen for the preparation of composites using bio-calcium silicate (CS) obtained from bio wastes such as egg-shell powder (bio-calcium) and rice husk ash (bio-silica). It was observed that the lowest value of dielectric constant was obtained for 15wt% bio-calcium silicate reinforced poly(TR-ffa) with a value of 1.83 at frequency of 1&#xa0;MHz. In addition, the bio-calcium silicate reinforced TR based polybenzoxazine composites also possess an excellent thermal stability with the value of char yield of 69% and maximum degradation temperature of 542&#xa0;°C. The prepared composites show better superhydrophobic behaviour than that of neat polybenzoxazine matrix having a value of water contact angle of 154<sup>o</sup>. From the results, it is suggested that the TR based trifunctional polybenzoxazines and their composites can be effectively utilized as low dielectric material having high thermal stability for applications involving high temperature environments.</p>

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Development of high temperature resistant-low dielectric polybenzoxazine composites using sustainable bio-calcium silicate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Harinei Srinivasan,
  • Hariharan Arumugam,
  • Alagar Muthukaruppan

摘要

In this work, a trisphenol (TR) was synthesized using hydroxybenzaldehyde and phenol under appropriate experimental conditions. Tri-functional benzoxazines were synthesised utilizing trisphenol (TR) with four different amines, 2-allylamine (aa), furan-2-ylmethanamine (ffa), cyclohexanamine (cha) and adamantan-1-amine (ada) in the presence of paraformaldehyde through Mannich condensation. The TR based furan-2-ylmethanamine polybenzoxazine was chosen for the preparation of composites using bio-calcium silicate (CS) obtained from bio wastes such as egg-shell powder (bio-calcium) and rice husk ash (bio-silica). It was observed that the lowest value of dielectric constant was obtained for 15wt% bio-calcium silicate reinforced poly(TR-ffa) with a value of 1.83 at frequency of 1 MHz. In addition, the bio-calcium silicate reinforced TR based polybenzoxazine composites also possess an excellent thermal stability with the value of char yield of 69% and maximum degradation temperature of 542 °C. The prepared composites show better superhydrophobic behaviour than that of neat polybenzoxazine matrix having a value of water contact angle of 154o. From the results, it is suggested that the TR based trifunctional polybenzoxazines and their composites can be effectively utilized as low dielectric material having high thermal stability for applications involving high temperature environments.