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<p>Polylactic acid (PLA) composites were arranged through melt blending and compression molding with 2–4 wt% cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and 5–10 wt% self-healing microcapsules covering Diels-Alder reactive agents. Microcapsules act as reservoirs of healing agents, releasing them upon crack formation to re-establish polymer truth. The synergistic combination enhanced tensile strength to ≈ 55&#xa0;MPa, improved impact resistance, and attained 81% healing efficiency, while keeping full biodegradability. CNFs reinforced the matrix and developed toughness, whereas microcapsules permitted crack closure and arrest through covalent bond reformation. SEM analysis established uniform dispersion of CNFs and microcapsules. The composites displayed superior durability under cyclic loading and reduced plastic waste by up to 78% associated with neat PLA. These findings establish that PLA-CNF-microcapsule composites deliver a sustainable, high-performance material appropriate for automotive, construction, and other structural applications.</p>

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Microcapsule-based self-healing PLA composites reinforced with cellulose nanofibers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Abilash Radhakrishnan,
  • Padmini K. Sawant,
  • Vinod Ramakrishnan,
  • Mohammad Rafi H Kerur,
  • Sunil Kumar Kothapalli

摘要

Polylactic acid (PLA) composites were arranged through melt blending and compression molding with 2–4 wt% cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and 5–10 wt% self-healing microcapsules covering Diels-Alder reactive agents. Microcapsules act as reservoirs of healing agents, releasing them upon crack formation to re-establish polymer truth. The synergistic combination enhanced tensile strength to ≈ 55 MPa, improved impact resistance, and attained 81% healing efficiency, while keeping full biodegradability. CNFs reinforced the matrix and developed toughness, whereas microcapsules permitted crack closure and arrest through covalent bond reformation. SEM analysis established uniform dispersion of CNFs and microcapsules. The composites displayed superior durability under cyclic loading and reduced plastic waste by up to 78% associated with neat PLA. These findings establish that PLA-CNF-microcapsule composites deliver a sustainable, high-performance material appropriate for automotive, construction, and other structural applications.