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<p>Owing to their low thermal conductivity and intrinsic biodegradability, cellulose foams are being intensively explored as sustainable thermal-insulation materials. Yet nanocellulose-based foams, whose internal networks are mainly stabilized by hydrogen bonding and physical cross-linking between cellulose chains, still suffer from limited mechanical robustness, particularly in terms of poor compression resilience, which restricts their practical deployment. In this study, composite foams with improved pore architecture and mechanical performance were designed by cross-linking carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (CNF) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), using glutaraldehyde (GA) as the cross-linking bridge and ferric chloride as the catalyst. The effects of CNF loading on the structure and properties of the resulting composite foams were systematically investigated. The synthesized carboxylated CNF exhibits a maximum thermal degradation temperature of 377.92&#xa0;°C, a maximum thermal breakdown rate of -1.43%/°C, a crystallinity of 44.12%, and a surface charge of -36.7 mV. Compared with the blank PVA foam, the CNF/PVA composite containing 8&#xa0;g of CNF shows the best overall performance, with a density of 42.3&#xa0;kg/m³ (0.0423&#xa0;g/cm³), a compressive stress of 0.042&#xa0;MPa, a compressive strength of 0.8&#xa0;MPa, and a thermal conductivity as low as 0.0368&#xa0;W/(m·K). The resulting material exhibits an interconnected, mesh-like pore structure.</p>

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Catalytic green preparation of cellulose nanofibers from citric acid using FeCl3 and performance study of its composite foam with polyvinyl alcohol

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月27日

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  • Jie Yang,
  • Jing Wu,
  • Shuo Zhang,
  • Lizhi Zhu,
  • Shuaihao Song,
  • Kenan Sun,
  • Zhixiang Zhong,
  • Jiaxin Gao

摘要

Owing to their low thermal conductivity and intrinsic biodegradability, cellulose foams are being intensively explored as sustainable thermal-insulation materials. Yet nanocellulose-based foams, whose internal networks are mainly stabilized by hydrogen bonding and physical cross-linking between cellulose chains, still suffer from limited mechanical robustness, particularly in terms of poor compression resilience, which restricts their practical deployment. In this study, composite foams with improved pore architecture and mechanical performance were designed by cross-linking carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (CNF) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), using glutaraldehyde (GA) as the cross-linking bridge and ferric chloride as the catalyst. The effects of CNF loading on the structure and properties of the resulting composite foams were systematically investigated. The synthesized carboxylated CNF exhibits a maximum thermal degradation temperature of 377.92 °C, a maximum thermal breakdown rate of -1.43%/°C, a crystallinity of 44.12%, and a surface charge of -36.7 mV. Compared with the blank PVA foam, the CNF/PVA composite containing 8 g of CNF shows the best overall performance, with a density of 42.3 kg/m³ (0.0423 g/cm³), a compressive stress of 0.042 MPa, a compressive strength of 0.8 MPa, and a thermal conductivity as low as 0.0368 W/(m·K). The resulting material exhibits an interconnected, mesh-like pore structure.