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<p>The multifunctional polymer-based hybrid microgel combined with metal nanoparticles have effective catalytic approach to degrade the contaminants due to the external stimuli response as well as drug delivery agent. In this research work, the bimetallic hybrid microgel which is poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) integrated with Ag and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) was prepared by the in-situ method. The AgNPs were prepared by the chemical reduction method using silver nitrate and trisodium citate while the iron oxide NPs were prepared by using the co-precipitation method. Then the prepared iron oxide and silver NPs were integrated in the prepared poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) hybrid microgel by using in-situ method. The prepared microgels were characterized by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Zeta Potential analysis and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The cytotoxicity assay of the prepared microgel was analyzed against human colon cancer cells (SW480) and normal cell line NIH/3T3. The molecular docking was also performed for the cytotoxicity using Topoisomerase IIβ (4g0u) and EGFR TKD (1m17) proteins. The anticancer drug cisplatin was loaded on the microgel and its controlled release was analyzed in buffer solution of pH 7.4 at 32&#xa0;°C and 37&#xa0;°C by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer and Raman spectroscopy. The chemometric tool, Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) tool was employed on Raman spectral data for the quantitative analysis of the released drug at 37&#xa0;°C temperature. The Flory-Huggins analysis (χ = 0.041–0.134) confirmed high thermodynamic compatibility of PNIPAM with Ag and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofillers, ensuring structural stability and sustained LCST response. The UV-Visible spectrophotometer was used to analyze its catalytic activity and comparison efficiencies between bimetallic and single-metal microgels by the degradation of the methylene blue (MB) dye and how the prepared catalyst affected the apparent rate constant (kapp) of MB dye. The prepared microgels integrated NPs showed remarkable multifunctional applications as controlled cisplatin release and degraded the methylene blue dye effectively.</p>

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Multifunctional PNIPAM microgel incorporated bimetallic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery agent: preparation, characterization, cytotoxicity, molecular docking and potential as catalytic activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Muhammad Alamgeer,
  • Arslan Bashir,
  • Anfal Fatima,
  • Khalid J. Alzahrani,
  • Khalaf F. Alsharif,
  • Fuad M. Alzahrani,
  • Abdul Naman,
  • Nasir Mehmood

摘要

The multifunctional polymer-based hybrid microgel combined with metal nanoparticles have effective catalytic approach to degrade the contaminants due to the external stimuli response as well as drug delivery agent. In this research work, the bimetallic hybrid microgel which is poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) integrated with Ag and Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) was prepared by the in-situ method. The AgNPs were prepared by the chemical reduction method using silver nitrate and trisodium citate while the iron oxide NPs were prepared by using the co-precipitation method. Then the prepared iron oxide and silver NPs were integrated in the prepared poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) hybrid microgel by using in-situ method. The prepared microgels were characterized by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Zeta Potential analysis and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The cytotoxicity assay of the prepared microgel was analyzed against human colon cancer cells (SW480) and normal cell line NIH/3T3. The molecular docking was also performed for the cytotoxicity using Topoisomerase IIβ (4g0u) and EGFR TKD (1m17) proteins. The anticancer drug cisplatin was loaded on the microgel and its controlled release was analyzed in buffer solution of pH 7.4 at 32 °C and 37 °C by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer and Raman spectroscopy. The chemometric tool, Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) tool was employed on Raman spectral data for the quantitative analysis of the released drug at 37 °C temperature. The Flory-Huggins analysis (χ = 0.041–0.134) confirmed high thermodynamic compatibility of PNIPAM with Ag and Fe2O3 nanofillers, ensuring structural stability and sustained LCST response. The UV-Visible spectrophotometer was used to analyze its catalytic activity and comparison efficiencies between bimetallic and single-metal microgels by the degradation of the methylene blue (MB) dye and how the prepared catalyst affected the apparent rate constant (kapp) of MB dye. The prepared microgels integrated NPs showed remarkable multifunctional applications as controlled cisplatin release and degraded the methylene blue dye effectively.