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<p>In this study, polyamide 6 based composites containing 5 to 15wt% of a hybrid Aluminum Nitride, aluminum oxide filler system with bimodal particle sizes were prepared via in situ polymerization. Morphological analysis revealed that increasing the filler content to 15 wt% led to the development of a partially interconnected network, promoting thermal percolation. Differential Scanning Calorimetry and X-ray Diffraction showed that the fillers acted as heterogeneous nucleating agents, enhancing crystallinity and inducing the coexistence of α and ɤ crystalline phases. Various thermal treatments, including quenching, annealing, and isothermal crystallization, were applied to modify the crystalline structure and optimize filler arrangement. The isothermally crystallized sample exhibited the highest crystallinity (~ 71%), thermal stability (~ 428&#xa0;°C), tensile modulus (~ 3182&#xa0;MPa), and thermal conductivity (~ 1.39&#xa0;W/m·K), due to improved crystal growth and dense filler packing. In contrast, the quenched sample exhibited reduced crystallinity and disrupted thermal pathways. Theoretical modeling using the Agari and Nielsen equations showed that the Agari model aligned more closely with experimental data, especially at higher filler contents, reflecting its ability to account for structural effects like percolation and crystallinity. These findings demonstrate that combining bimodal fillers with controlled thermal treatments can significantly enhance both the thermal and mechanical performance of polyamide 6 composites.</p>

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Designing high-performance thermally conductive polyamide 6 composites through bimodal AlN/Al₂O₃ fillers and controlled crystallization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Marjan Shahmir,
  • Shervin Ahmadi,
  • Hassan Arabi

摘要

In this study, polyamide 6 based composites containing 5 to 15wt% of a hybrid Aluminum Nitride, aluminum oxide filler system with bimodal particle sizes were prepared via in situ polymerization. Morphological analysis revealed that increasing the filler content to 15 wt% led to the development of a partially interconnected network, promoting thermal percolation. Differential Scanning Calorimetry and X-ray Diffraction showed that the fillers acted as heterogeneous nucleating agents, enhancing crystallinity and inducing the coexistence of α and ɤ crystalline phases. Various thermal treatments, including quenching, annealing, and isothermal crystallization, were applied to modify the crystalline structure and optimize filler arrangement. The isothermally crystallized sample exhibited the highest crystallinity (~ 71%), thermal stability (~ 428 °C), tensile modulus (~ 3182 MPa), and thermal conductivity (~ 1.39 W/m·K), due to improved crystal growth and dense filler packing. In contrast, the quenched sample exhibited reduced crystallinity and disrupted thermal pathways. Theoretical modeling using the Agari and Nielsen equations showed that the Agari model aligned more closely with experimental data, especially at higher filler contents, reflecting its ability to account for structural effects like percolation and crystallinity. These findings demonstrate that combining bimodal fillers with controlled thermal treatments can significantly enhance both the thermal and mechanical performance of polyamide 6 composites.