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<p>In the area of smart materials, self-healing polymer matrices have been the focus of study ever since they were developed. They can self-repair minor fractures and are provided with self-diagnostic capabilities. A lot of investigation has been done on polymeric hydrogels as materials for biomedical uses. Nevertheless, they are naturally specified by specialties such as lower mechanical strength and weak stimulus resistance. Because it can restore its previous mechanical properties by reforming its shape, injectability, and stretchability, it is more stable and long-lasting. This review focuses on the different extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing mechanisms of these hydrogels, covalent as well as non-covalent, how to estimate their self-healing capabilities, and how they are used in drug delivery, wound healing, cell encapsulation, and sensors.</p>

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Recent advances in self-healing hydrogels based on extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms and their applications: a review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月16日

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  • Vinnakoti Meghana,
  • Marek Kolenčík,
  • Martin Šebesta,
  • Illa Ramakanth

摘要

In the area of smart materials, self-healing polymer matrices have been the focus of study ever since they were developed. They can self-repair minor fractures and are provided with self-diagnostic capabilities. A lot of investigation has been done on polymeric hydrogels as materials for biomedical uses. Nevertheless, they are naturally specified by specialties such as lower mechanical strength and weak stimulus resistance. Because it can restore its previous mechanical properties by reforming its shape, injectability, and stretchability, it is more stable and long-lasting. This review focuses on the different extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing mechanisms of these hydrogels, covalent as well as non-covalent, how to estimate their self-healing capabilities, and how they are used in drug delivery, wound healing, cell encapsulation, and sensors.