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<p>This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of polysiloxane-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) incorporating varying loadings of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to enhance energy conversion performance. Flexible nanocomposite films were fabricated using the doctor blading method, enabling precise control over film thickness and homogeneity. The triboelectric and dielectric properties of the composites were systematically evaluated across MWCNT concentrations ranging from 0 to 0.1 wt%. Incorporation of MWCNTs markedly improved the electrical performance of the TENGs, achieving an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 51&#xa0;V and a short-circuit current (Isc) of 5.7 µA at an optimal loading of 0.05 wt%, representing significant enhancements compared to pristine polysiloxane films (32&#xa0;V and 3.3 µA, respectively). The improvement is attributed to the establishment of localized conductive networks that facilitate enhanced interfacial polarization and charge transport within the polymer matrix. However, excessive MWCNT content (0.1 wt%) led to nanoparticle agglomeration, forming charge leakage pathways that reduced triboelectric output. Beyond the electrical enhancement, the incorporation of MWCNTs is expected to reinforce the polymer network, improving elasticity, durability, and resistance to mechanical fatigue under repeated operation. This comparative investigation underscores the critical role of nanofiller concentration and dispersion uniformity in simultaneously optimizing the electrical and mechanical properties of flexible nanocomposite-based TENGs. The findings provide valuable insights into the rational design of high-performance, self-powered energy harvesting systems for wearable and portable electronic applications.</p>

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Controlled dispersion of MWCNTs in polysiloxane nanocomposites for performance enhancement in triboelectric nanogenerators

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月15日

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  • Orkhan Gulahmadov,
  • Lala Gahramanli,
  • Mustafa Muradov,
  • Nahida Musayeva,
  • Stefano Bellucci,
  • Christos Trapalis

摘要

This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of polysiloxane-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) incorporating varying loadings of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to enhance energy conversion performance. Flexible nanocomposite films were fabricated using the doctor blading method, enabling precise control over film thickness and homogeneity. The triboelectric and dielectric properties of the composites were systematically evaluated across MWCNT concentrations ranging from 0 to 0.1 wt%. Incorporation of MWCNTs markedly improved the electrical performance of the TENGs, achieving an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 51 V and a short-circuit current (Isc) of 5.7 µA at an optimal loading of 0.05 wt%, representing significant enhancements compared to pristine polysiloxane films (32 V and 3.3 µA, respectively). The improvement is attributed to the establishment of localized conductive networks that facilitate enhanced interfacial polarization and charge transport within the polymer matrix. However, excessive MWCNT content (0.1 wt%) led to nanoparticle agglomeration, forming charge leakage pathways that reduced triboelectric output. Beyond the electrical enhancement, the incorporation of MWCNTs is expected to reinforce the polymer network, improving elasticity, durability, and resistance to mechanical fatigue under repeated operation. This comparative investigation underscores the critical role of nanofiller concentration and dispersion uniformity in simultaneously optimizing the electrical and mechanical properties of flexible nanocomposite-based TENGs. The findings provide valuable insights into the rational design of high-performance, self-powered energy harvesting systems for wearable and portable electronic applications.