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<p>To address the poor hydrophilicity and limited functionality of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) was incorporated into the electrospinning solution. The process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), resulting in nanofibers with an average diameter of 227&#xa0;nm. Additionally, PEI-coated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method, were embedded into the PCL/PEI nanofibers, producing magnetic nanofibers with a uniform diameter of 197&#xa0;nm and a saturation magnetization of 22.6 emu/g. The inclusion of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@PEI nanoparticles reduced the water contact angle by over 50%, significantly enhancing hydrophilicity. To evaluate the nanocomposite’s ability to adsorb negatively charged molecules, the adsorption capacity of Congo red (CR) was tested, achieving 378.88&#xa0;mg/g for PCL/PEI and 397.43&#xa0;mg/g for PCL/PEI/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@PEI. The adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models. Reusability tests showed &gt; 90% removal efficiency over five cycles. These results highlight the potential of PCL/PEI-based nanofibers for wastewater treatment and dye removal, making them promising for sustainable environmental remediation.</p>

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Electrospinning optimization for enhanced hydrophilicity and surface functionality of Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Polyethyleneimine nanofibers with embedded Fe3O4 nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Fereshteh Amini,
  • Hamid Delavari H.,
  • Shahrokh Ghovvati,
  • Reza Poursalehi

摘要

To address the poor hydrophilicity and limited functionality of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) was incorporated into the electrospinning solution. The process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), resulting in nanofibers with an average diameter of 227 nm. Additionally, PEI-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles, synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method, were embedded into the PCL/PEI nanofibers, producing magnetic nanofibers with a uniform diameter of 197 nm and a saturation magnetization of 22.6 emu/g. The inclusion of Fe3O4@PEI nanoparticles reduced the water contact angle by over 50%, significantly enhancing hydrophilicity. To evaluate the nanocomposite’s ability to adsorb negatively charged molecules, the adsorption capacity of Congo red (CR) was tested, achieving 378.88 mg/g for PCL/PEI and 397.43 mg/g for PCL/PEI/Fe3O4@PEI. The adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models. Reusability tests showed > 90% removal efficiency over five cycles. These results highlight the potential of PCL/PEI-based nanofibers for wastewater treatment and dye removal, making them promising for sustainable environmental remediation.