A study of UHMWPE-MMT composite on mechanical and biocompatibility properties

Due to the exceptional biomedical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), it is used in various biomedical applications including orthopedic applications. Montmorillonite (MMT) as a reinforcement material is excellent for biomedical applications. The purpose of this study is to justify the use of UHMWPE composite as a material for liners in total hip anisotropy (THA). UHMWPE/MMT nanocomposites with different percentages including 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10% have been fabricated by two-roll milling and compression molding techniques. The prepared nanocomposite specimens have been characterized using XRD and SEM. The investigations revealed that the hardness, abrasion resistance, compressive modulus, and ultimate compressive strength experienced a notable improvement, with different percentages of nano-clay reinforcement. Izod energy absorption experienced an increased absorbed energy with all percentages of reinforcing except 10% MMT. This experimentation helps predict the optimal amount of nano-clay with UHMWPE. The dispersion of the nano-clay in the matrix has influenced the mechanical properties enhancement at the optimal percentage of MMT. Additionally, biocompatibility testing in MTT assay with UHMWPE/MMT composite at the optimal composition, exhibited the highest cell growth after 24 h and 96 h incubation. It is concluded that the UHMWPE/5%MMT displayed better biocompatibility and enhanced mechanical properties making it an attractive candidate for artificial joints.