<p>When it comes to random walk on the integers <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10959_2025_1440_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {Z}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the arguably first step of generalization beyond simple random walk is the class of one-sidedly continuous random walk, where the stepsize in only one direction is bounded by 1. Moreover, the time until state 0 is hit by left-continuous random walk on <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10959_2025_1440_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {Z}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> started at 1 has a direct connection to the total progeny in branching processes. In the analysis of Maker–Breaker games on trees arising from these branching processes, however, the corresponding random walks have increments bounded from below by <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10959_2025_1440_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(-2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> instead of <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10959_2025_1440_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(-1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In this article, the probability of left-continuous random walk started at 0 to be negative at an even (resp. odd) time is derived and used to determine the probability of such nearly left-continuous random walk started at 0 to eventually become negative.</p>

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Left-Continuous Random Walk on \({\mathbb {Z}}\) and the Parity of Its Hitting Times

  • Timo Vilkas

摘要

When it comes to random walk on the integers \({\mathbb {Z}}\) Z , the arguably first step of generalization beyond simple random walk is the class of one-sidedly continuous random walk, where the stepsize in only one direction is bounded by 1. Moreover, the time until state 0 is hit by left-continuous random walk on \({\mathbb {Z}}\) Z started at 1 has a direct connection to the total progeny in branching processes. In the analysis of Maker–Breaker games on trees arising from these branching processes, however, the corresponding random walks have increments bounded from below by \(-2\) - 2 instead of \(-1\) - 1 . In this article, the probability of left-continuous random walk started at 0 to be negative at an even (resp. odd) time is derived and used to determine the probability of such nearly left-continuous random walk started at 0 to eventually become negative.