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<p>This study presents a numerical and experimental investigation of the thermal performance of borehole heat exchangers for ground source heat pump systems. A 3D model was developed for heat and mass transfer in soil and grout, coupled with 1D conductive and convective heat transfer through the pipe and circulating fluid. The model was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics and validated using thermal response test data obtained from two 50 m-deep boreholes drilled in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan. The root-mean-square deviation between model predictions and TRT data was 0.184°C. The thermal conductivity of the soil (<i>λ</i><sub><i>g</i></sub> = 2.35W/mK) and thermal resistance (R<sub>b</sub> = 0.20mK/W) were determined. Simulation results showed that spiral borehole heat exchangers provided the highest heat extraction and reduced drilling depth by 34.6% compared to single U-type. The model aids in optimizing borehole heat exchanger geometry and evaluating material properties for enhanced thermal efficiency.</p>

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Simulation-Based Mathematical Modeling of Borehole Heat Exchanger Thermal Performance for Ground Source Heat Pumps

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月21日

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  • Amankeldy Toleukhanov,
  • Yerzhan Belyayev,
  • Olivier Botella,
  • Yelnar Yerdesh,
  • Tangnur Amanzholov

摘要

This study presents a numerical and experimental investigation of the thermal performance of borehole heat exchangers for ground source heat pump systems. A 3D model was developed for heat and mass transfer in soil and grout, coupled with 1D conductive and convective heat transfer through the pipe and circulating fluid. The model was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics and validated using thermal response test data obtained from two 50 m-deep boreholes drilled in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan. The root-mean-square deviation between model predictions and TRT data was 0.184°C. The thermal conductivity of the soil (λg = 2.35W/mK) and thermal resistance (Rb = 0.20mK/W) were determined. Simulation results showed that spiral borehole heat exchangers provided the highest heat extraction and reduced drilling depth by 34.6% compared to single U-type. The model aids in optimizing borehole heat exchanger geometry and evaluating material properties for enhanced thermal efficiency.