<p>We propose a new structural approach to the determination of the effective thermoelastic moduli of a layered composite material within the framework of an orthotropic material model. The formulated hypotheses on the stress-strain states of thin discretely considered layers are chosen as a basis for averaging their properties over the thickness. All layers are split into two subsets depending on the predominant stiffness in one of two mutually perpendicular directions. For each subset, we use specific algorithms of averaging that combine the Voigt and Reuss methods (for averaging the stiffness or compliance, respectively). We propose a complete three-dimensional model of thermoelastic characteristics of the layered composites, which takes into account the transverse normal and shear strains.</p>