<p>We consider an abstract non-inertial model of aggregation under the influence of a Gaussian white noise with prescribed space-covariance, and prove a formula for the mean collision rate <i>R</i>, per unit of time and volume. Specializing the abstract theory to a non-inertial model obtained by an inertial one, with physical constants, in the limit of infinitesimal relaxation time of the particles, and the white noise obtained as an approximation of a Gaussian noise with correlation time <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3437_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\tau _{\eta }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mi>η</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, up to approximations the formula reads <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3437_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="33" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="161" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R\sim \tau _{\eta }\left\langle \left| \Delta _{a}u\right| ^{2}\right\rangle a\cdot n^{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>∼</mo> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mi>η</mi> </msub> <mfenced close="〉" open="〈"> <msup> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mi>a</mi> <mo>·</mo> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> where <i>n</i> is the particle number per unit of volume and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3437_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="33" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="68" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left\langle \left| \Delta _{a}u\right| ^{2}\right\rangle \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfenced close="〉" open="〈"> <msup> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the square-average of the increment of random velocity field <i>u</i> between points at distance <i>a</i>, the particle radius. If we choose the Kolmogorov time scale <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3437_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="27" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="81" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\tau _{\eta }\sim \left( \frac{\nu }{\varepsilon }\right) ^{1/2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mi>η</mi> </msub> <mo>∼</mo> <msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mfrac> <mi>ν</mi> <mi>ε</mi> </mfrac> </mfenced> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and we assume that <i>a</i> is in the dissipative range where <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10955_2025_3437_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="33" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="133" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left\langle \left| \Delta _{a}u\right| ^{2}\right\rangle \sim \left( \frac{\varepsilon }{\nu }\right) a^{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mfenced close="〉" open="〈"> <msup> <mfenced close="|" open="|"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mo>∼</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mfrac> <mi>ε</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </mfrac> </mfenced> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we get Saffman–Turner formula for the collision rate <i>R</i>.</p>

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A Non-inertial Model for Particle Aggregation Under Turbulence

  • Franco Flandoli,
  • Ruojun Huang

摘要

We consider an abstract non-inertial model of aggregation under the influence of a Gaussian white noise with prescribed space-covariance, and prove a formula for the mean collision rate R, per unit of time and volume. Specializing the abstract theory to a non-inertial model obtained by an inertial one, with physical constants, in the limit of infinitesimal relaxation time of the particles, and the white noise obtained as an approximation of a Gaussian noise with correlation time \(\tau _{\eta }\) τ η , up to approximations the formula reads \(R\sim \tau _{\eta }\left\langle \left| \Delta _{a}u\right| ^{2}\right\rangle a\cdot n^{2}\) R τ η Δ a u 2 a · n 2 where n is the particle number per unit of volume and \(\left\langle \left| \Delta _{a}u\right| ^{2}\right\rangle \) Δ a u 2 is the square-average of the increment of random velocity field u between points at distance a, the particle radius. If we choose the Kolmogorov time scale \(\tau _{\eta }\sim \left( \frac{\nu }{\varepsilon }\right) ^{1/2}\) τ η ν ε 1 / 2 and we assume that a is in the dissipative range where \(\left\langle \left| \Delta _{a}u\right| ^{2}\right\rangle \sim \left( \frac{\varepsilon }{\nu }\right) a^{2}\) Δ a u 2 ε ν a 2 , we get Saffman–Turner formula for the collision rate R.