Green Binary Solvent Mixtures in Pharmaceutical and Chemical Synthesis: Fundamental Behaviors, Applications and Future Perspectives

Research into green solvents is pivotal for advancing sustainable practices in pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Green chemistry focuses on minimizing the adverse impacts of chemical substances and processes on both human health and the environment through the implementation of proactive and sustainable prevention strategies. Within this framework, binary solvent mixtures have emerged as particularly promising due to their tunable properties and broad applicability. The present review focuses the potential of binary solvent mixtures as green solvents in synthesis procedures, discussing on their fundamental behavior, physicochemical properties, and applications. Furthermore, this work highlights representative applications in synthetic processes and discusses their advantages, limitations, and future prospects, thereby providing a comprehensive framework for their rational design and implementation in sustainable chemistry.