This study measured thermophysical parameters such as density (ρ), speed of sound (u), and viscosity (η) for binary liquid systems containing morpholine and butylamines (mono-, di-, and tri-butylamine) at three temperatures (303.15 K, 308.15 K, and 313.15 K) under atmospheric pressure. On the basis of the experimental findings, thermodynamic properties such as excess molar volume (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10953_2025_1477_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${V}_{m}^\text{E}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> <mtext>E</mtext> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), excess molar isentropic compressibility (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10953_2025_1477_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="31" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${k}_{s,m}^\text{E}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>k</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> <mtext>E</mtext> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), and deviation in viscosity (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10953_2025_1477_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Delta \eta$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>η</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) were calculated. These were then fitted to a Redlich–Kister (R–K) polynomial. For all binary systems, ∆η is positive, whereas <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10953_2025_1477_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${V}_{m}^\text{E}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> <mtext>E</mtext> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10953_2025_1477_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${k}_{s}^\text{E}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>k</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mtext>E</mtext> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are negative. The findings for the binary liquid systems under research suggest the existence of new H-bonding and packing efficiency interactions between dissimilar components. Moreover, how temperature impacts molecular interactions between molecules using thermodynamic results is discussed.

Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Liquid Systems of Morpholine and Butylamines at Varying Temperatures

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发表日期：

2025年8月1日

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B. Srinivas,
Jagadeesh Kumar Ega,
S. Pulla Reddy,
B. Satheesh

摘要

This study measured thermophysical parameters such as density (ρ), speed of sound (u), and viscosity (η) for binary liquid systems containing morpholine and butylamines (mono-, di-, and tri-butylamine) at three temperatures (303.15 K, 308.15 K, and 313.15 K) under atmospheric pressure. On the basis of the experimental findings, thermodynamic properties such as excess molar volume ( ${V}_{m}^\text{E}$ $V_{m}^{E}$ ), excess molar isentropic compressibility ( ${k}_{s,m}^\text{E}$ $k_{s, m}^{E}$ ), and deviation in viscosity ( $\Delta \eta$ $Δ η$ ) were calculated. These were then fitted to a Redlich–Kister (R–K) polynomial. For all binary systems, ∆η is positive, whereas ${V}_{m}^\text{E}$ $V_{m}^{E}$ and ${k}_{s}^\text{E}$ $k_{s}^{E}$ are negative. The findings for the binary liquid systems under research suggest the existence of new H-bonding and packing efficiency interactions between dissimilar components. Moreover, how temperature impacts molecular interactions between molecules using thermodynamic results is discussed.