Acoustical Studies of Some Derivatives of Pyrimidine-Substituted Azetidine in Binary Liquid Mixture at Different Temperatures

In a binary liquid mixture containing pyrimidine-substituted azetidinone ultrasonic velocities, densities, and viscosities have been measured by unit of molality azetidinone at temperatures T = (298.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K). 3-chloro-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (AT₁) and 3-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (AT₂) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were studied. The density, dynamic viscosity, and ultrasonic sound velocity have all been measured, among other acoustical and thermodynamic properties. Gibbs free energy of activation (ΔG*), enthalpy of activation (ΔH*), and entropy of activation (ΔS*) values have been studied further to determine how solvent changes and structural modifications impact these values. The molecular interactions between the components of the liquid combination have been used to explain these findings.