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<p>Europium-substituted zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe<sub>2-x</sub>Eu<sub>x</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1)) were synthesized using the coprecipitation method, and then samples were prepared using conventional sintering at 950&#xa0;°C for 3&#xa0;h. The structural properties of the synthesized samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Williamson–Hall (W-H) method is used to measure the crystallite size and lattice strain values of the samples. Considerable changes in the lattice parameter, X-ray density, and crystallite size are observed with Eu substitution. The morphology and grain size of the samples were investigated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. Grains are not uniform, and a reduction in grain size from 178&#xa0;nm to 84&#xa0;nm upon Eu doping. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of metal–oxygen vibrations corresponding to the absorption bands of both the tetrahedral and octahedral sites of the spinel ferrite structure. Optical properties showed a gradual increase in the optical band gap with higher Eu substitution. Magnetic hysteresis (VSM) loops exhibited unsaturated magnetization in the measured magnetic field (± 15 kOe) range. A decrease in saturation magnetization is observed with increasing Eu content, and the coercivity values range from 36 Oe to 64 Oe. A reduction in dielectric constant and dielectric loss was also observed with Eu incorporation. The modifications in the structural, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties were interpreted based on appropriate theoretical considerations. Overall, Europium-doped zinc ferrites exhibit promising multifunctional capabilities for advanced technological applications.</p>

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Structural, Optical, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of Europium Substituted Zinc Ferrite Nanostructures Synthesized By Coprecipitation Method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • B. Uday Kumar,
  • T. Ramesh,
  • K. Kiran Kumar,
  • K. Vani,
  • S. Katlakunta,
  • K. Praveena

摘要

Europium-substituted zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe2-xEuxO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1)) were synthesized using the coprecipitation method, and then samples were prepared using conventional sintering at 950 °C for 3 h. The structural properties of the synthesized samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Williamson–Hall (W-H) method is used to measure the crystallite size and lattice strain values of the samples. Considerable changes in the lattice parameter, X-ray density, and crystallite size are observed with Eu substitution. The morphology and grain size of the samples were investigated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. Grains are not uniform, and a reduction in grain size from 178 nm to 84 nm upon Eu doping. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of metal–oxygen vibrations corresponding to the absorption bands of both the tetrahedral and octahedral sites of the spinel ferrite structure. Optical properties showed a gradual increase in the optical band gap with higher Eu substitution. Magnetic hysteresis (VSM) loops exhibited unsaturated magnetization in the measured magnetic field (± 15 kOe) range. A decrease in saturation magnetization is observed with increasing Eu content, and the coercivity values range from 36 Oe to 64 Oe. A reduction in dielectric constant and dielectric loss was also observed with Eu incorporation. The modifications in the structural, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties were interpreted based on appropriate theoretical considerations. Overall, Europium-doped zinc ferrites exhibit promising multifunctional capabilities for advanced technological applications.