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<p>This work addresses the two major bottlenecks hindering the application of Bi2212 high-temperature superconducting round wires: the high technical barrier of the required heat treatment and its prohibitive cost. Our team has broken the heat-treatment bottleneck by independently developing a series of high-pressure heat treatment (HPHT) systems, which are capable of processing coils with bore sizes up to 20&#xa0;cm and have provided sintering services to multiple research institutions. Concurrently, we have established a full-chain batch fabrication process from precursor powder to coil sintering. We have achieved batch production of Bi2212 wires with single lengths exceeding 1000&#xa0;m and an annual capacity of 200&#xa0;km. These wires exhibit a critical current (<i>I</i><sub>c</sub>) ≥ 496&#xa0;A at 4.2&#xa0;K and 12 T, and a hysteresis loss as low as 589&#xa0;mJ/cm³, approaching the ITER standard. For cabling compatibility, strands extracted from cables retained 87.9% to 95.7% of their critical current after bending and straightening. The production scale-up has drastically reduced costs, and these wires have been successfully validated in small coils, Bi2212 CICC conductors, and D-shaped coils, thereby effectively mitigating the two initial challenges and laying a solid foundation for the large-scale application of Bi2212. ✉ Qingbin Hao. HaoQB@c-nin.com. Shengnan Zhang. snzhang@c-nin.com. 1. Superconducting Materials Research Center, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Xi’an 710,016, People’s Republic of China. 2. Western Superconducting Technologies Co., Ltd, Xi’an 710,018, People’s Republic of China.</p>

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High-Performance Kilometer-Length Bi2212 HTS Round Wires: Towards Industrial-Scale Manufacturing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Qingbin Hao,
  • Xiaoyan Xu,
  • Chengshan Li,
  • Gaofeng Jiao,
  • Guoqing Liu,
  • Kai Yao,
  • Jialin Jia,
  • Shengnan Zhang,
  • Jianfeng Li,
  • Pingxiang Zhang

摘要

This work addresses the two major bottlenecks hindering the application of Bi2212 high-temperature superconducting round wires: the high technical barrier of the required heat treatment and its prohibitive cost. Our team has broken the heat-treatment bottleneck by independently developing a series of high-pressure heat treatment (HPHT) systems, which are capable of processing coils with bore sizes up to 20 cm and have provided sintering services to multiple research institutions. Concurrently, we have established a full-chain batch fabrication process from precursor powder to coil sintering. We have achieved batch production of Bi2212 wires with single lengths exceeding 1000 m and an annual capacity of 200 km. These wires exhibit a critical current (Ic) ≥ 496 A at 4.2 K and 12 T, and a hysteresis loss as low as 589 mJ/cm³, approaching the ITER standard. For cabling compatibility, strands extracted from cables retained 87.9% to 95.7% of their critical current after bending and straightening. The production scale-up has drastically reduced costs, and these wires have been successfully validated in small coils, Bi2212 CICC conductors, and D-shaped coils, thereby effectively mitigating the two initial challenges and laying a solid foundation for the large-scale application of Bi2212. ✉ Qingbin Hao. HaoQB@c-nin.com. Shengnan Zhang. snzhang@c-nin.com. 1. Superconducting Materials Research Center, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Xi’an 710,016, People’s Republic of China. 2. Western Superconducting Technologies Co., Ltd, Xi’an 710,018, People’s Republic of China.