Synthesis, Structural and Multiferroic Properties of Yttrium-Titanium co-substitution BiFeO3 Ceramics
摘要
The solid-state approach was successfully used to develop Bi1 − xYₓFe1 − xTiₓO₃ ceramics with doping concentrations up to x = 0.24. Rietveld refinement of the XRD data showed a structural phase transition from the rhombohedral R3c phase (for x ≤ 0.16) to an orthorhombic Pnma phase (for x = 0.24), indicating doping-induced structural distortion. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns verified the formation of a single-phase structure across all samples. Temperature-dependent dielectric result showed abnormalities at around 375 °C. Magnetic transitions are indicated by a high-temperature anomaly close to 370 °C that is ascribed to the Néel temperature (TN). Dielectric properties improved with co-doping confirm from ferroelectric response. Magnetization measurements (M–H loops) showed magnetization increases with increasing x, likely due to the partial suppression of the Fe–O–Fe spin cycloid by Ti doping, which enhances weak ferromagnetism. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed a broad absorption band one at 554 cm− 1 and other 430 cm− 1, which became sharper with increasing x, indicating changes in Fe–O vibrational modes due to doping. FT-IR spectra display broad absorption bands attributed to vibrations of Fe-O and Bi-O in the FeO6 octahedral within the doped ceramics. Optical absorption spectra showed light absorption between 300 nm and 700 nm, corresponding to an optical band gap within the visible range, making these materials potentially suitable for photovoltaic or optoelectronic applications.