Low Temperature Variation of Superfluid Phase Stiffness in the Presence of Two Mutually Exclusive Orderings

Superfluid phase stiffness (SPS) in the presence of two co-existing and mutually exclusive superconducting and magnetic ordering has been studied in (i) the pure EBCO and (ii) a composite system of nanoparticles of Sn and EBCO superconductors. SPS has been extracted in two different methods by using (i) nonlinear current–voltage (IV) characteristics and (ii) magnetization (M) as a function of the applied magnetic field (H). Variations of the SPS with temperature (T) are found to be different in transport and magnetic methods. A possible reason of the difference has been discussed. The nature of the variation of the SPS in the presence of nanoparticles of Sn has been explored in terms of the distribution of the bound vortex–anti-vortex pairs within the framework of the BKT transition.