Evolution of Structure, Morphology, and Magnetic Properties of YFeO₃ Under Co-Doping of Nd and Ni

Y_1-xNd_xFe_1-yNi_yO₃ (x = 0, y = 0; x = 0.05, y = 0.05; x = 0.05, y = 0.10; x = 0.05, y = 0.15) powders with different concentrations of Nd³⁺ and Ni²⁺ doped ions were synthesized by sol-gel method. The structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of the materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and physical property measurement system (PPMS). X-Ray diffraction results show that all the prepared samples are in the single perovskite phase without any secondary phases. The measured doping content was basically consistent with the initial designed content. The remanent magnetization (M_r) and saturation magnetization (M_s) of the synthesized YFeO₃ were 0.701 emu/g and 1.481 emu/g, respectively, and the coercivity (H_c) reached 19,000 Oe. The results also showed that the M_r and M_s values of YFeO₃ increase, while the H_c values decrease with increasing Ni²⁺ ion content. When the doping concentrations are x = 0.05 and y = 0.15, the values of M_r and M_s are 0.787 emu/g and 1.782 emu/g, respectively, with H_c at 2100 Oe. From the research results, it can be observed that the introduction of doped ions enhances the super-exchange interactions.