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<p>The present study was conducted with the objective of developing and validating the Spiritual Values Scale for Primary School Children (SVS-PSC) as a reliable and culturally sensitive instrument to assess spiritual values among Turkish primary school students. The scale development process followed a multi-phase psychometric framework, including the generation of an item pool, expert review, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion-related validation. A study was conducted with 400 children aged 9–11 in order to ascertain the structure of the EFA. The results of the study revealed a unidimensional structure which explained 47.716% of the total variance, with item loadings ranging from .512 to .690. The KMO value (.806) and Bartlett’s test (χ<sup>2</sup> = 613.902, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) indicated the suitability of the data for factor analysis. The CFA, based on a sample of 260 children, supported the one-factor model with acceptable fit indices (χ<sup>2</sup>/df = 2.231; RMSEA = .080; CFI = .914; GFI = .930). The criterion validity of the scale was examined through administration of the Spiritual Robustness Scale to a sample of 39 children. A significant positive correlation (r = .371, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) was identified, suggesting that the scale effectively captures aspects of spiritual resilience and internal strength. The SVS-PSC demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach’s α = .831), and item-total correlations ranged from .396 to .588. The findings of this study indicate that the SVS-PSC is a psychometrically robust tool for evaluating core spiritual values such as honesty, gratitude, empathy, and responsibility in children. The scale provides researchers and educators with a valid instrument with which to understand spiritual development and foster character education in primary school settings.</p>

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The Development and Validation of the Spiritual Values Scale for Primary School Children in the Turkish Context

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月4日

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  • Erdal Zengin

摘要

The present study was conducted with the objective of developing and validating the Spiritual Values Scale for Primary School Children (SVS-PSC) as a reliable and culturally sensitive instrument to assess spiritual values among Turkish primary school students. The scale development process followed a multi-phase psychometric framework, including the generation of an item pool, expert review, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion-related validation. A study was conducted with 400 children aged 9–11 in order to ascertain the structure of the EFA. The results of the study revealed a unidimensional structure which explained 47.716% of the total variance, with item loadings ranging from .512 to .690. The KMO value (.806) and Bartlett’s test (χ2 = 613.902, p < .001) indicated the suitability of the data for factor analysis. The CFA, based on a sample of 260 children, supported the one-factor model with acceptable fit indices (χ2/df = 2.231; RMSEA = .080; CFI = .914; GFI = .930). The criterion validity of the scale was examined through administration of the Spiritual Robustness Scale to a sample of 39 children. A significant positive correlation (r = .371, p < .001) was identified, suggesting that the scale effectively captures aspects of spiritual resilience and internal strength. The SVS-PSC demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach’s α = .831), and item-total correlations ranged from .396 to .588. The findings of this study indicate that the SVS-PSC is a psychometrically robust tool for evaluating core spiritual values such as honesty, gratitude, empathy, and responsibility in children. The scale provides researchers and educators with a valid instrument with which to understand spiritual development and foster character education in primary school settings.