<p>Anger is a primary emotion that has many negative consequences, including interpersonal problems and possible physical aggression; however, little is known about how it differs from closely related emotions, such as resentment. Anger may differ from resentment in terms of beliefs, such as those postulated by rational-emotive behavior therapy, goals, and action tendencies. It has also been suggested that resentment cannot exist without anger, but there is no data to support this claim. In this descriptive study, 300 participants from Prolific were recruited to compare resentment to recalled anger, both generally and in specific episodes. Results indicated that reported resentment episodes were quite similar to anger episodes, with a few notable differences. Resentment episodes appear to be less frequent but last longer, and there were differences in rational emotive behavior therapy cognitions present. Specifically, demandingness and entitlement were less common in resentment episodes, but demandingness was still the most common cognition for anger and resentment episodes. Additionally, urges to engage in passive aggression were more common in resentment episodes. Interestingly, resentment episodes were more likely to lead to passive aggression, and less likely to lead to actual verbal aggression than were anger episodes. Implications and treatment targets are discussed.</p>