RETRACTED ARTICLE: Linguacultural and Cognitive Peculiarities of Linguistic Universals

The discussion about linguistic universals, initiated over 50 years agoby J. Greenberg, remains a topic of significant interest today. While there’san ongoing debate on the universality of linguistic forms - with some supporting thenotion and others dismissing it as baseless—the idea of a unifying linguisticessence stands firm. The article aims to explore the linguacultural values oflanguage, particularly how they enable the reconstruction of ideas and stereotypeswithin specific segments of a language system. The research found that universallanguage characteristics serve as a rich source of information for those studyinglinguacultural aspects. These traits offer nationally determined interpretations ofwords, drawing from associations rooted in either tangible or cultural codes. Whendelving into cultural codes present within every culture, the study discerned thepresence of basic and universal codes. The existence of these codes providesinsights into the formation of stereotypes, which encapsulate the experiences andknowledge intrinsic to the bearers of a culture. Linguistic universals, underpinnedby universal grammar and semantic foundations, occupy a central position inlinguacultural examinations, especially when reconstructing cultural ideas andstereotypes. Basic and universal cultural codes inherent in each culture facilitatethe creation of linguistic worldviews.