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<p>This work reports the green synthesis of mesoporous anatase-phase TiO₂ nanosheets using Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract as a bio-reducing and stabilizing agent. XRD analysis suggest that nanocrystalline and tetragonal with anatase phase. The SEM images revealed well-defined nanosheet structures with a relatively uniform distribution. The lateral dimensions of the TiO₂ nanosheets ranged from approximately 80 to 150&#xa0;nm, with an average diameter of 115 ± 15&#xa0;nm. Their multifunctional potential was systematically evaluated in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), photocatalysis, and electrochemical energy storage. As a DSSC photoanode, the TiO₂ nanosheets achieved a photo conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.42 ± 0.05% with <i>Jsc</i> = 16.57&#xa0;mA cm⁻², <i>Voc</i> = 748 mV, and <i>FF</i> = 0.72, surpassing commercial P25-based devices. In photocatalytic degradation studies under solar light, the material showed broad-spectrum activity, achieving degradation efficiencies of 85% for methylene blue (MB), 75% for methyl red (MR), 99% for Rhodamine B (RhB), and 70% for malachite green (MG) along with excellent recyclability and stability. Furthermore, in an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) with TiO<sub>2</sub> as positive and activated carbon (AC) as negative electrode, which delivered a specific capacitance of 296.2&#xa0;F/g at 1&#xa0;A/g, an energy density of 52.5 Wh/kg at 800&#xa0;W/kg, and retained 98% capacity after 10,000 cycles. These results highlight the sustainable and multifunctional nature of Rosmarinus officinalis-derived TiO₂ nanosheets, demonstrating their strong potential in solar energy harvesting, environmental remediation, and high-performance energy storage applications.</p>

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Green synthesis of mesoporous TiO₂ nanosheets using Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract for multifunctional applications in DSSCs, photocatalysis, and supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • R. Hemalatha,
  • C. Venkatesh Kumar,
  • N. Kumaran,
  • S. Kumaran

摘要

This work reports the green synthesis of mesoporous anatase-phase TiO₂ nanosheets using Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract as a bio-reducing and stabilizing agent. XRD analysis suggest that nanocrystalline and tetragonal with anatase phase. The SEM images revealed well-defined nanosheet structures with a relatively uniform distribution. The lateral dimensions of the TiO₂ nanosheets ranged from approximately 80 to 150 nm, with an average diameter of 115 ± 15 nm. Their multifunctional potential was systematically evaluated in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), photocatalysis, and electrochemical energy storage. As a DSSC photoanode, the TiO₂ nanosheets achieved a photo conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.42 ± 0.05% with Jsc = 16.57 mA cm⁻², Voc = 748 mV, and FF = 0.72, surpassing commercial P25-based devices. In photocatalytic degradation studies under solar light, the material showed broad-spectrum activity, achieving degradation efficiencies of 85% for methylene blue (MB), 75% for methyl red (MR), 99% for Rhodamine B (RhB), and 70% for malachite green (MG) along with excellent recyclability and stability. Furthermore, in an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) with TiO2 as positive and activated carbon (AC) as negative electrode, which delivered a specific capacitance of 296.2 F/g at 1 A/g, an energy density of 52.5 Wh/kg at 800 W/kg, and retained 98% capacity after 10,000 cycles. These results highlight the sustainable and multifunctional nature of Rosmarinus officinalis-derived TiO₂ nanosheets, demonstrating their strong potential in solar energy harvesting, environmental remediation, and high-performance energy storage applications.