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<p>Driven by the ever-increasing demand for efficient adsorbents for removing pollutants from wastewater, β-cyclodextrin functionalized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Activated carbon nanocomposites have been synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The crystallite size was around 6&#xa0;nm, which agrees with the particle size (6.5&#xa0;nm) calculated from TEM images. Fe, C and O in the prepared β-cyclodextrin functionalized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Activated carbon nanocomposites were confirmed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The prepared materials show strong magnetic behaviour with saturation magnetization of 25 emu per gram, enabling easy manipulation using an external magnetic field. Adsorption studies have been carried out to understand the effect of pH, contact time, adsorbent doses, salt, and dye concentration to understand the adsorption behaviour with respect to Brilliant Green (BG), Congo red (CR), Malachite green (MG). Isotherm plots confirm monolayer adsorption for MG and multilayer adsorption for BG and CR. The optimum pH for BG, MG, and CR removal is 8, 9, and 9, respectively, with removal efficiencies of 230, 31, and 30&#xa0;mg/g. Given the findings, we report a readily synthesized nanocomposite, which is an economical, efficient, and suitable alternative adsorbent for the removal of both cationic and anionic dyes from contaminated water sources.</p>

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Adsorptive removal of cationic and anionic dyes using β -Cyclodextrin functionalized Fe3O4/Activated carbon nanocomposite as recoverable adsorbent

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月22日

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  • Shivangini Singh,
  • Manas Mandal,
  • Naveen Kumar Veldurthi,
  • Sudhanshu Pati

摘要

Driven by the ever-increasing demand for efficient adsorbents for removing pollutants from wastewater, β-cyclodextrin functionalized Fe3O4/Activated carbon nanocomposites have been synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The crystallite size was around 6 nm, which agrees with the particle size (6.5 nm) calculated from TEM images. Fe, C and O in the prepared β-cyclodextrin functionalized Fe3O4/Activated carbon nanocomposites were confirmed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The prepared materials show strong magnetic behaviour with saturation magnetization of 25 emu per gram, enabling easy manipulation using an external magnetic field. Adsorption studies have been carried out to understand the effect of pH, contact time, adsorbent doses, salt, and dye concentration to understand the adsorption behaviour with respect to Brilliant Green (BG), Congo red (CR), Malachite green (MG). Isotherm plots confirm monolayer adsorption for MG and multilayer adsorption for BG and CR. The optimum pH for BG, MG, and CR removal is 8, 9, and 9, respectively, with removal efficiencies of 230, 31, and 30 mg/g. Given the findings, we report a readily synthesized nanocomposite, which is an economical, efficient, and suitable alternative adsorbent for the removal of both cationic and anionic dyes from contaminated water sources.