Synergistic Enhancement of Gelatin Films with Ag-Doped TiO2 and APTES for Advanced Food Packaging
摘要
The present work investigates the enhancement of the antibacterial and mechanical performance of the gelatin-based nanocomposites by simultaneous incorporation of silver-doped titanium dioxide (Ag-doped TiO2) and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). For this purpose, TiO2 was doped via a thermal treatment method with Ag particles. The UV–Visible results showed that the Ag dopant ions in TiO2 extended its photocatalytic and antibacterial activity into the visible light region. Then, the resulting Ag-doped TiO₂, along with APTES- a compatibilizing agent for better dispersion and distribution of the nanoparticle and also a curing agent- was integrated into the gelatin matrix. The nanocomposite that contains 1 wt. % Ag-doped TiO2 and 2 wt. % APTES (i.e., G-1T2A sample) demonstrated optimal performance, exhibiting a 156% improvement in tensile strength (17.64 MPa versus 6.89 MPa for pure gelatin) and a 59% reduction in water vapor permeability. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed that the formation of a siloxane crosslinking network within the matrix enhanced thermal stability. These results demonstrate that the synergistic effect of Ag-TiO2 and APTES is an effective strategy for improving the multifunctional performance of biodegradable gelatin films.