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<p>Natural bio-derived polymers such as collagen and chitosan are widely used in regenerative medicine due to their biocompatibility and ability to form extracellular matrix-like scaffolds. In this study, a three-dimensional nanocomposite scaffold was developed using collagen, chitosan, and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) derived from marine fish and cephalopod processing waste, providing a sustainable alternative to mammalian-sourced biomaterials. nHAp was incorporated into the polymer matrix (Col/CS/CHS) solution to enhance both the mechanical and cell-attachment properties of the scaffolds. SEM and AFM analyses revealed a hierarchically porous, smooth and interconnected structure favorable for nutrient diffusion and cell infiltration. XRD and FTIR confirmed the structural stable incorporation, and crystalline nature of nHAp within the composite. Thermal properties were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to determine the scaffold’s thermal stability. In vitro assays with MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts demonstrated non-cytotoxicity and enhanced bioactivity, including increased cell adhesion, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, indicating promoted osteogenic differentiation. The scaffold also supported higher mineral deposition, increased cell density, DNA content, reflecting strong osteoconductive potential. By valorizing marine processing waste into high-value biomaterials, this work reduces environmental impact and supports circular bioeconomy practices. Moreover, the scaffold’s multifunctional properties suggest potential applications in stem cell proliferation, antibacterial activity, wound healing, and broader tissue regeneration, reinforcing its strong potential in bone tissue engineering. Overall, the marine-derived nanocomposite scaffold exhibits desirable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and osteogenic capacity, highlighting its promise for bone tissue engineering applications.</p>

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Sustainable Marine-Derived Protein based Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: Fabrication, Characterization, and Osteogenic Potential

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • Veeruraj Anguchamy,
  • Jianping Wu

摘要

Natural bio-derived polymers such as collagen and chitosan are widely used in regenerative medicine due to their biocompatibility and ability to form extracellular matrix-like scaffolds. In this study, a three-dimensional nanocomposite scaffold was developed using collagen, chitosan, and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) derived from marine fish and cephalopod processing waste, providing a sustainable alternative to mammalian-sourced biomaterials. nHAp was incorporated into the polymer matrix (Col/CS/CHS) solution to enhance both the mechanical and cell-attachment properties of the scaffolds. SEM and AFM analyses revealed a hierarchically porous, smooth and interconnected structure favorable for nutrient diffusion and cell infiltration. XRD and FTIR confirmed the structural stable incorporation, and crystalline nature of nHAp within the composite. Thermal properties were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to determine the scaffold’s thermal stability. In vitro assays with MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts demonstrated non-cytotoxicity and enhanced bioactivity, including increased cell adhesion, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, indicating promoted osteogenic differentiation. The scaffold also supported higher mineral deposition, increased cell density, DNA content, reflecting strong osteoconductive potential. By valorizing marine processing waste into high-value biomaterials, this work reduces environmental impact and supports circular bioeconomy practices. Moreover, the scaffold’s multifunctional properties suggest potential applications in stem cell proliferation, antibacterial activity, wound healing, and broader tissue regeneration, reinforcing its strong potential in bone tissue engineering. Overall, the marine-derived nanocomposite scaffold exhibits desirable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and osteogenic capacity, highlighting its promise for bone tissue engineering applications.