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<p>Over the last few decades, prodrug nanoparticles have exhibited several appealing attributes and have eventually received impressive attention in the scientific communities. The current research study aimed to develop innovative coumaric acid (CA) grafted pullulan (Pull) based conjugates (CA-<i>g</i>-Pull) and their nanoparticles and evaluate their antioxidant and α-amylase/α-glucosidase inhibition potentials. In this context, variable amounts of CA were grafted with Pull <i>via</i> Steglich esterification reaction protocol and the resulting conjugates were structurally characterized with <sup>1</sup>H NMR, FTIR, DSC, TGA, XRD and SEM analyses. These conjugates spontaneously self-aggregated in an aqueous environment to yield nanoparticles (F-1– F-3), which illustrated acceptable particle sizes (276–296&#xa0;nm), PDI values (0.313–0.460) and zeta potentials (-10 to -20 mV). The prodrug nanoparticles revealed their spherical structures under TEM analyses. Among various nanoparticles, formulation F-3 with the highest CA contents (DS, 0.26) conferred an improved DPPH and ABTS-free radical scavenging and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition potentials, which were enhanced with increasing incubation time. These nanoparticles also depicted excellent cytocompatibility as evaluated through hemolysis assay, CCK-8 assay and live/dead cell staining protocols. Thus, the newly developed prodrug nanoparticles could be employed as promising biomaterials with acceptable antioxidant and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities.</p>

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Development of Coumaric Acid/Pullulan Prodrug Nanoparticles for Antioxidant and α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibition Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月5日

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  • Sumon Paul,
  • Suvendu Maity,
  • Akash Mondal,
  • Yasir Faraz Abbasi,
  • Suman Barai,
  • Paramita Paul,
  • Tarun Kumar Dua,
  • Nanda Gopal Sahoo,
  • Souvik Basak,
  • Hriday Bera

摘要

Over the last few decades, prodrug nanoparticles have exhibited several appealing attributes and have eventually received impressive attention in the scientific communities. The current research study aimed to develop innovative coumaric acid (CA) grafted pullulan (Pull) based conjugates (CA-g-Pull) and their nanoparticles and evaluate their antioxidant and α-amylase/α-glucosidase inhibition potentials. In this context, variable amounts of CA were grafted with Pull via Steglich esterification reaction protocol and the resulting conjugates were structurally characterized with 1H NMR, FTIR, DSC, TGA, XRD and SEM analyses. These conjugates spontaneously self-aggregated in an aqueous environment to yield nanoparticles (F-1– F-3), which illustrated acceptable particle sizes (276–296 nm), PDI values (0.313–0.460) and zeta potentials (-10 to -20 mV). The prodrug nanoparticles revealed their spherical structures under TEM analyses. Among various nanoparticles, formulation F-3 with the highest CA contents (DS, 0.26) conferred an improved DPPH and ABTS-free radical scavenging and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition potentials, which were enhanced with increasing incubation time. These nanoparticles also depicted excellent cytocompatibility as evaluated through hemolysis assay, CCK-8 assay and live/dead cell staining protocols. Thus, the newly developed prodrug nanoparticles could be employed as promising biomaterials with acceptable antioxidant and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities.