Advanced Intelligent Routing Protocol for Energy-Aware Wireless Sensor Networks with Advanced Mobile Sink Monitoring

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), key components in the Internet of Things (IoT), are widely used in fields such as environmental monitoring, healthcare, and facility management. These networks consist of resource-constrained sensors that collect, process, and transmit data. One of the primary challenges in WSNs is managing mobile sinks, which move to gather data but can disrupt routing and increase energy consumption. This study proposes an advanced intelligent routing protocol designed specifically for mobile sinks in energy-aware WSNs, which optimizes data routing, reduces latency, and extends network lifespan. The protocol’s design leverages intelligent monitoring and adaptive clustering to address energy efficiency, minimize control overhead, and improve data delivery speed. Simulations show a 42% improvement in end-to-end latency and a 38% increase in throughput over previous methods, demonstrating significant enhancements in performance. These improvements highlight the protocol’s potential in smart monitoring applications, offering robust data management and network sustainability.