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<p>Due to the anisotropic properties of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites, novel layup techniques, such as tow-steering, can be used to tailor mechanical properties of the composite structure. In this work, two tow-steered composite panels were designed, fabricated using the Integrated Structural Assembly of Advanced Composites (ISAAC) automated fiber placement (AFP) machine located at the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), and cured while simultaneously being inspected using an ultrasonic inspection system operating inside the autoclave. A pristine panel was fabricated along with a panel with intentionally placed defects. The defect composite panel contained overlaps that are intrinsic to the tow-steered design and had intentionally introduced layup defects including folds, wrinkles, splices, tow twists, foreign object debris (FOD), gaps, and additional overlaps. The inspections during the cure cycle focused on the area within the “defect” laminate containing a fold, a twist, and intrinsic overlaps. The ultrasonic inspections performed during the cure cycle were analyzed and compared to post-cure ultrasonic inspections of both laminates. An ultrasound method and a structured light method were used to quantify warpage of each panel post cure.</p>

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Ultrasonic Inspection of Tow-Steered Composite Laminates During Autoclave Cure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

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  • Tyler B. Hudson,
  • Cyrus J. R. Kosztowny,
  • Nicholas A. Georgiou,
  • Ryan S. Enos,
  • Finnian P. Day

摘要

Due to the anisotropic properties of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites, novel layup techniques, such as tow-steering, can be used to tailor mechanical properties of the composite structure. In this work, two tow-steered composite panels were designed, fabricated using the Integrated Structural Assembly of Advanced Composites (ISAAC) automated fiber placement (AFP) machine located at the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), and cured while simultaneously being inspected using an ultrasonic inspection system operating inside the autoclave. A pristine panel was fabricated along with a panel with intentionally placed defects. The defect composite panel contained overlaps that are intrinsic to the tow-steered design and had intentionally introduced layup defects including folds, wrinkles, splices, tow twists, foreign object debris (FOD), gaps, and additional overlaps. The inspections during the cure cycle focused on the area within the “defect” laminate containing a fold, a twist, and intrinsic overlaps. The ultrasonic inspections performed during the cure cycle were analyzed and compared to post-cure ultrasonic inspections of both laminates. An ultrasound method and a structured light method were used to quantify warpage of each panel post cure.