<p>In this paper, we introduce an <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10915_2025_2858_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-nonconforming vector-valued finite element whose rot has <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10915_2025_2858_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-conformity. This element yields a nonconforming interior-penalty finite element method for the primal formulation of the quad-curl Hodge-Laplacian problem. Contrasting with conforming methods based on the primal formulation, our method effectively avoids spurious solutions on non-convex polygonal domains. We establish rigorous error estimates for the method in both the energy norm and the <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10915_2025_2858_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> norm, under graded meshes with various grading parameters. Numerical examples are used to verify our theoretical findings.</p>

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A Nonconforming Finite Element Method for the Quad-Curl Hodge-Laplacian Problem in Two Dimensions

  • Siyuan Tong,
  • Qilong Zhai,
  • Qian Zhang

摘要

In this paper, we introduce an \(H^1\) H 1 -nonconforming vector-valued finite element whose rot has \(H^1\) H 1 -conformity. This element yields a nonconforming interior-penalty finite element method for the primal formulation of the quad-curl Hodge-Laplacian problem. Contrasting with conforming methods based on the primal formulation, our method effectively avoids spurious solutions on non-convex polygonal domains. We establish rigorous error estimates for the method in both the energy norm and the \(L^2\) L 2 norm, under graded meshes with various grading parameters. Numerical examples are used to verify our theoretical findings.