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<p>Traversodontids, a group of herbivorous/omnivorous stem-mammals (eucynodonts), were diverse and widely distributed during the Middle and Late Triassic. Among these, the derived clade Gomphodontosuchinae stands out within Traversodontidae. This study employs a comprehensive multiproxy approach to describe the postcranial anatomy of a new specimen of <i>Exaeretodon riograndensis</i>, a Late Triassic gomphodontosuchine from Brazil. The analyzed material includes isolated vertebrae, a sequence of four pre-sacral vertebrae, dorsal ribs, right and left scapulae, left humerus, right clavicle, left ilium, right and left femora, right tibia, and right fibula. Our findings reveal anatomical similarities to the gomphodontosuchines <i>Exaeretodon argentinus</i> and <i>Santagnathus mariensis</i>. The postcranial anatomy suggests an animal with abducted forelimbs, adapted for more horizontal movements but with more adducted hindlimbs. Bone microanatomy analysis of the humerus and femur indicates morphological adaptations for digging, supporting strong limb movements. Body mass estimates for specimen CAPPA/UFSM 0033 range from 17.75&#xa0;kg (convex hull) to 22.52&#xa0;kg (sculpture method). However, larger specimens of <i>E. riograndensis</i> likely exceeded these estimates. This study enhances our understanding of <i>E. riograndensis</i> and provides valuable data for future morphofunctional and phylogenetic research.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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New insights into the postcranial anatomy of Exaeretodon riograndensis (Eucynodontia: Traversodontidae): phylogenetic implications, body mass, and lifestyle

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月24日

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  • Leonardo Kerber,
  • Germán Montoya-Sanhueza,
  • Lívia Roese-Miron,
  • Lísie V. S. Damke,
  • Leticia Rezende,
  • Marina B. Soares,
  • Rodrigo T. Müller,
  • Flávio A. Pretto

摘要

Traversodontids, a group of herbivorous/omnivorous stem-mammals (eucynodonts), were diverse and widely distributed during the Middle and Late Triassic. Among these, the derived clade Gomphodontosuchinae stands out within Traversodontidae. This study employs a comprehensive multiproxy approach to describe the postcranial anatomy of a new specimen of Exaeretodon riograndensis, a Late Triassic gomphodontosuchine from Brazil. The analyzed material includes isolated vertebrae, a sequence of four pre-sacral vertebrae, dorsal ribs, right and left scapulae, left humerus, right clavicle, left ilium, right and left femora, right tibia, and right fibula. Our findings reveal anatomical similarities to the gomphodontosuchines Exaeretodon argentinus and Santagnathus mariensis. The postcranial anatomy suggests an animal with abducted forelimbs, adapted for more horizontal movements but with more adducted hindlimbs. Bone microanatomy analysis of the humerus and femur indicates morphological adaptations for digging, supporting strong limb movements. Body mass estimates for specimen CAPPA/UFSM 0033 range from 17.75 kg (convex hull) to 22.52 kg (sculpture method). However, larger specimens of E. riograndensis likely exceeded these estimates. This study enhances our understanding of E. riograndensis and provides valuable data for future morphofunctional and phylogenetic research.

Graphical Abstract