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<p>The semi-aquatic fishing spider, <i>Dolomedes triton</i>, deposits hydrophobic silk on water, rocks, and emergent vegetation. Silk cues, although used primarily for intraspecific communication, may alert prey to the presence of predators and mediate prey behavior. We compared activity level, space use, and predation of two neustonic prey species: the water strider <i>Aquarius conformis</i> (N = 152) and the wolf spider <i>Pardosa milvina</i> (N = 158) in the presence or absence of male or female <i>Dolomedes</i> and/or its associated silk. For each prey, we recorded time on the water surface, emergent surfaces, and time climbing artificial vegetation across predator and silk treatments during one-hour trials. We also measured prey time spent moving, position changes and attempted and successful predation among treatments containing a live <i>Dolomedes</i> with and without silk. Both <i>Pardosa</i> and <i>Aquarius</i> activity levels were significantly reduced in the presence of predator silk. Female <i>Dolomedes</i> were significantly more dangerous predators for <i>Pardosa</i> and <i>Aquarius</i>, killing more prey quicker than males, but the sex of the predator producing the silk did not influence prey activity. Predator silk significantly reduced the time on the water surface for both prey species and induced significantly more climbing behavior in <i>Pardosa</i> but not <i>Aquarius</i>. <i>Dolomedes</i> strike latency was significantly longer for <i>Pardosa</i> and significantly shorter for <i>Aquarius</i> when silk was present and mediated <i>Pardosa</i>, but not <i>Aquarius</i> predation. Both species show behavioral shifts when detecting <i>Dolomedes</i> silk but predator silk induces more effective antipredator responses among <i>Pardosa</i> compared to <i>Aquarius</i> within neustonic arthropod communities.</p>

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Chemically-mediated Antipredator Responses Among Neustonic Prey of the Semi-aquatic Fishing Spider Dolomedes triton

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月19日

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  • Aislinn Shilcusky,
  • Faiza Ahmed,
  • Matthew H. Persons

摘要

The semi-aquatic fishing spider, Dolomedes triton, deposits hydrophobic silk on water, rocks, and emergent vegetation. Silk cues, although used primarily for intraspecific communication, may alert prey to the presence of predators and mediate prey behavior. We compared activity level, space use, and predation of two neustonic prey species: the water strider Aquarius conformis (N = 152) and the wolf spider Pardosa milvina (N = 158) in the presence or absence of male or female Dolomedes and/or its associated silk. For each prey, we recorded time on the water surface, emergent surfaces, and time climbing artificial vegetation across predator and silk treatments during one-hour trials. We also measured prey time spent moving, position changes and attempted and successful predation among treatments containing a live Dolomedes with and without silk. Both Pardosa and Aquarius activity levels were significantly reduced in the presence of predator silk. Female Dolomedes were significantly more dangerous predators for Pardosa and Aquarius, killing more prey quicker than males, but the sex of the predator producing the silk did not influence prey activity. Predator silk significantly reduced the time on the water surface for both prey species and induced significantly more climbing behavior in Pardosa but not Aquarius. Dolomedes strike latency was significantly longer for Pardosa and significantly shorter for Aquarius when silk was present and mediated Pardosa, but not Aquarius predation. Both species show behavioral shifts when detecting Dolomedes silk but predator silk induces more effective antipredator responses among Pardosa compared to Aquarius within neustonic arthropod communities.