<p>Few published studies of moth mating behavior provide adequate details about the lighting conditions under which observations are optimal whilst not disturbing the insects. Fewer than 32% (<i>n</i>=420) of publications detailed specifics about the light type, color or the output used, and of those that did (<i>n</i>=133) more than half reported on only one of these aspects. Eueupithecia vollonoides moths are exceptionally sensitive to human disturbance and artificial light, making it difficult to observe their mating behavior. We therefore conducted initial tests outdoors, without light, using offspring production as a proxy for determining the diel periodicity of their mating. We then documented the close-range sexual communication of these moths by video recording isolated pairs under red monochromatic (~ 630&#xa0;nm wavelength) LED light. Females presumably attract mates with pheromones emitted from a tiny gland which presents as a membranous saccular structure extruded from the abdominal tip. Once having located the female, males approach from the side or behind while wing flapping before pressing one wing against that of the female and flexing the abdominal tip towards that of the female. The male claspers then engage with the female’s external genitalia, as a necessary prelude to copulation. These findings demonstrate that video recordings combined with long wavelength LED lighting provide a practical approach for observing mating in species whose behavior is otherwise covert and difficult to observe using conventional means. We suggest that field-based pheromone trapping be conducted to clarify the presence and role of female sex pheromones in the mating system of this moth.</p>