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<p>A one-pot method was used to synthesize graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (GCNQDs) and incorporated into a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix to fabricate GCNQDs/PVDF nanocomposites for triboelectric energy harvesting applications. The incorporation of GCNQDs modifies the structural, optical and electrical properties of PVDF by promoting the formation of an electroactive polar phase, enhancing the interfacial charge transfer and increasing the charge trapping efficiency. FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed the improved crystalline structure and higher β-phase fraction, reaching a maximum value of 94.87% for the optimized 2.0 v/v% GCNQDs/PVDF nanocomposite. Morphological investigations showed a uniform distribution of quasi-spherical GCNQDs in PVDF matrix leading to a good interaction between matrix and filler. UV–visible studies revealed a significant reduction in bandgap with an increase in GCNQDs concentration, while photoluminescence studies confirmed a significant green luminescence under 365&#xa0;nm UV irradiation, indicating the presence of localized electronic states that are advantageous for charge trapping behavior. The optimized 2.0 v/v% GCNQDs/PVDF nanocomposite developed for triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) device exhibited a peak output voltage of 426&#xa0;V, a current of 68 µA and a power density of 0.375 mW cm⁻². The device is further used for the illumination of 50 green LEDs, powering the digital timer and charged capacitors by frequent mechanical forces. The improved triboelectric performance is attributed to the increased dielectric polarization, higher surface charge density, and efficient interfacial charge transfer after incorporating GCNQDs. These results show the potential of GCNQDs/PVDF nanocomposites for next-generation self-powered electronics, wearable devices, and sustainable energy harvesting systems.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots/PVDF Nanocomposites as Triboelectric Nanogenerators

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Chandana Vaddarahalli Jagadeesh,
  • Yashaswini Veeranapura Lokesh,
  • Sagar Kasaraguppe Ramesh,
  • Manjushree Nagaraju,
  • Ananya Gurumurthy,
  • Rumana Farheen Sagade Muktar Ahmed,
  • Sachith Bhagyashree Mahesha,
  • Kavya Rajanna,
  • Madhanahalli Ankanathappa Sangamesha,
  • Krishnaveni Sannathammegowda,
  • Unnikrishnan Gopalakrishna panicker,
  • Beejaganahalli Sangameshwar Madhukar

摘要

A one-pot method was used to synthesize graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (GCNQDs) and incorporated into a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix to fabricate GCNQDs/PVDF nanocomposites for triboelectric energy harvesting applications. The incorporation of GCNQDs modifies the structural, optical and electrical properties of PVDF by promoting the formation of an electroactive polar phase, enhancing the interfacial charge transfer and increasing the charge trapping efficiency. FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed the improved crystalline structure and higher β-phase fraction, reaching a maximum value of 94.87% for the optimized 2.0 v/v% GCNQDs/PVDF nanocomposite. Morphological investigations showed a uniform distribution of quasi-spherical GCNQDs in PVDF matrix leading to a good interaction between matrix and filler. UV–visible studies revealed a significant reduction in bandgap with an increase in GCNQDs concentration, while photoluminescence studies confirmed a significant green luminescence under 365 nm UV irradiation, indicating the presence of localized electronic states that are advantageous for charge trapping behavior. The optimized 2.0 v/v% GCNQDs/PVDF nanocomposite developed for triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) device exhibited a peak output voltage of 426 V, a current of 68 µA and a power density of 0.375 mW cm⁻². The device is further used for the illumination of 50 green LEDs, powering the digital timer and charged capacitors by frequent mechanical forces. The improved triboelectric performance is attributed to the increased dielectric polarization, higher surface charge density, and efficient interfacial charge transfer after incorporating GCNQDs. These results show the potential of GCNQDs/PVDF nanocomposites for next-generation self-powered electronics, wearable devices, and sustainable energy harvesting systems.

Graphical Abstract