Polymer–Molybdenum Trioxide Nanocomposites: Intercalation Chemistry and Functional Properties

Polymer–molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃) nanocomposites are materials that combine the useful properties of both components at the nanoscale. This review examines the intercalation chemistry of MoO₃, with emphasis on both layered and hydrated phases of MoO₃ capable of accommodating polymer chains. Representative synthesis approaches and commonly used characterization methods are discussed. Particular attention is given to improvements in ionic and electronic conductivity, mechanical stability, and related functional properties arising from polymer incorporation. Potential applications in energy storage and sensing are highlighted, together with emerging roles in catalysis and electrochromic devices. Recent advances and future perspectives in the design of polymer–MoO₃ nanostructures, especially oxygen-deficient MoO_3−x systems, are also discussed.