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<p>The increasing burden of cancer and antimicrobial resistance, along with the limitations of conventional therapies, necessitates the development of safe, biocompatible, and multifunctional nanomaterials for anticancer and antimicrobial biomedical applications. Thus, CaCO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles and chitosan modified (CaCO<sub>3</sub>–Cs) nanocomposites were synthesized via a simple chemical precipitation and surface functionalization approach. XRD analysis confirmed the calcite phase, with crystallite size reduced from 29 ± 2 to 24 ± 2&#xa0;nm after chitosan modification. DLS results showed an increase in hydrodynamic size from 190.3 ± 5 to 261.7 ± 5&#xa0;nm, indicating successful coating. UV–Vis analysis revealed a red shift (222 to 234&#xa0;nm) and band gap reduction from 5.58 to 5.34&#xa0;eV, supported by enhanced PL intensity, suggesting increased defect states. The CaCO<sub>3</sub>–Cs nanocomposite exhibited superior antimicrobial activity with larger inhibition zones and reduced MIC/MBC concentration (0.3/0.5&#xa0;mg/mL) compared to CaCO<sub>3</sub>. Anticancer studies demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity with lower IC<sub>50</sub> values (148.4&#xa0;µg/mL for MG-63 and 135.8&#xa0;µg/mL for MCF-7) than CaCO<sub>3</sub>. Importantly, biocompatibility assays showed &gt; 80% cell viability in L929 cells. These findings highlight CaCO<sub>3</sub>–Cs as a promising multifunctional nanocomposite as antimicrobial and anticancer agent.</p>

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Evaluation of Chitosan-Modified CaCO3 Nanocomposites for Antimicrobial and Anticancer Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Ahmed A. Bhran,
  • Indumathi Thangavelu,
  • Srinivas Tadepalli

摘要

The increasing burden of cancer and antimicrobial resistance, along with the limitations of conventional therapies, necessitates the development of safe, biocompatible, and multifunctional nanomaterials for anticancer and antimicrobial biomedical applications. Thus, CaCO3 nanoparticles and chitosan modified (CaCO3–Cs) nanocomposites were synthesized via a simple chemical precipitation and surface functionalization approach. XRD analysis confirmed the calcite phase, with crystallite size reduced from 29 ± 2 to 24 ± 2 nm after chitosan modification. DLS results showed an increase in hydrodynamic size from 190.3 ± 5 to 261.7 ± 5 nm, indicating successful coating. UV–Vis analysis revealed a red shift (222 to 234 nm) and band gap reduction from 5.58 to 5.34 eV, supported by enhanced PL intensity, suggesting increased defect states. The CaCO3–Cs nanocomposite exhibited superior antimicrobial activity with larger inhibition zones and reduced MIC/MBC concentration (0.3/0.5 mg/mL) compared to CaCO3. Anticancer studies demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity with lower IC50 values (148.4 µg/mL for MG-63 and 135.8 µg/mL for MCF-7) than CaCO3. Importantly, biocompatibility assays showed > 80% cell viability in L929 cells. These findings highlight CaCO3–Cs as a promising multifunctional nanocomposite as antimicrobial and anticancer agent.