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<p>The development of multifunctional coatings with improved corrosion resistance and antimicrobial activity remains an important challenge in biomedical engineering, such as for orthopedic and wound healing applications. Although hydroxyapatite (HAP)-based materials are well known for their bioactivity, they often show limited mechanical stability and inadequate protection against microbial contamination and corrosion. To overcome these limitations, composite films comprising tantalum pentoxide (Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>), HAP, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were prepared using a sol–gel method and evaluated for their multifunctional properties. Physical characterization showed uniform film formation with thickness values of 0.56&#xa0;mm (LC) and 0.91&#xa0;mm (HC), compared with 0.16&#xa0;mm for placebo films. Porosity increased with Ta incorporation, reaching 50.05 ± 0.15% in HC films. Water uptake also increased in HC films to 28.97 ± 0.08%. X‑ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive X‑ray analysis (SEM-EDAX), and X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed phase purity, crystallinity, and successful incorporation of Ta after optimised calcination and chloride removal. Electrochemical studies in simulated body fluid demonstrated lower corrosion current density and higher charge-transfer resistance for Ta-containing films. Biological evaluation demonstrated antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i>,<i> Staphylococcus aureus</i>,<i> Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, along with antifungal activity against <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Aspergillus niger</i>. Preliminary cytotoxic screening using MG-63 osteoblast-like cells showed approximately 85% cell viability at 250&#xa0;µg/mL, with minimal signs of apoptosis or necrosis. The Ta-PVA-HAP films exhibited combined corrosion resistance and biological functionality, supporting their potential use in wound healing and bone-related applications. Further in vitro and in vivo investigations are needed to confirm their long-term biological performance.</p>

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Biological and Corrosion Studies of Multifunctional PVA-Ta2O5-HAP Composite Films

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Vijaya Swapna Bangari,
  • Ratnamala Annapragada,
  • Tejdeep Nadendla,
  • Ramakrishna Rao Bhonsle,
  • K. L. Nagashree,
  • Janapriya Yarra

摘要

The development of multifunctional coatings with improved corrosion resistance and antimicrobial activity remains an important challenge in biomedical engineering, such as for orthopedic and wound healing applications. Although hydroxyapatite (HAP)-based materials are well known for their bioactivity, they often show limited mechanical stability and inadequate protection against microbial contamination and corrosion. To overcome these limitations, composite films comprising tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), HAP, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were prepared using a sol–gel method and evaluated for their multifunctional properties. Physical characterization showed uniform film formation with thickness values of 0.56 mm (LC) and 0.91 mm (HC), compared with 0.16 mm for placebo films. Porosity increased with Ta incorporation, reaching 50.05 ± 0.15% in HC films. Water uptake also increased in HC films to 28.97 ± 0.08%. X‑ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive X‑ray analysis (SEM-EDAX), and X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed phase purity, crystallinity, and successful incorporation of Ta after optimised calcination and chloride removal. Electrochemical studies in simulated body fluid demonstrated lower corrosion current density and higher charge-transfer resistance for Ta-containing films. Biological evaluation demonstrated antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis, along with antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Preliminary cytotoxic screening using MG-63 osteoblast-like cells showed approximately 85% cell viability at 250 µg/mL, with minimal signs of apoptosis or necrosis. The Ta-PVA-HAP films exhibited combined corrosion resistance and biological functionality, supporting their potential use in wound healing and bone-related applications. Further in vitro and in vivo investigations are needed to confirm their long-term biological performance.