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<p>Since the discovery of graphene, researchers have searched for scalable and cost-effective ways to use its special electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Traditional two-dimensional graphene performs well, but it has problems. The sheets restack. Binders are required. The fabrication steps are complex and often need chemicals or high temperatures. These issues reduce its usefulness in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). Laser induced graphene (LIG), introduced in 2014 by direct laser writing on polyimide, offers a strong alternative. It allows fast and simple production of porous and conductive three-dimensional graphene structures. LIG keeps the key benefits of graphene, such as high conductivity, large surface area, and mechanical flexibility. It also allows easy control of the structure by adjusting laser settings and can be integrated with many substrates. These strengths have boosted the development of LIG based TENGs for wearable devices, environmental monitoring, and biomedical uses. This review outlines the growth of LIG research, fabrication methods, design strategies, and various potential applications in LIG enabled TENGs. It also discusses current challenges and future opportunities, showing the rising importance of LIG as a sustainable and efficient electrode material for triboelectric energy harvesting.</p>

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Laser Induced Graphene: The Advanced Electrode Material for Highly Efficient Triboelectric Nanogenerators

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Tapas Kamilya,
  • Jaehee Shin,
  • Susanta Kumar Samanta,
  • Doohyun Han,
  • Jinhyoung Park

摘要

Since the discovery of graphene, researchers have searched for scalable and cost-effective ways to use its special electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Traditional two-dimensional graphene performs well, but it has problems. The sheets restack. Binders are required. The fabrication steps are complex and often need chemicals or high temperatures. These issues reduce its usefulness in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). Laser induced graphene (LIG), introduced in 2014 by direct laser writing on polyimide, offers a strong alternative. It allows fast and simple production of porous and conductive three-dimensional graphene structures. LIG keeps the key benefits of graphene, such as high conductivity, large surface area, and mechanical flexibility. It also allows easy control of the structure by adjusting laser settings and can be integrated with many substrates. These strengths have boosted the development of LIG based TENGs for wearable devices, environmental monitoring, and biomedical uses. This review outlines the growth of LIG research, fabrication methods, design strategies, and various potential applications in LIG enabled TENGs. It also discusses current challenges and future opportunities, showing the rising importance of LIG as a sustainable and efficient electrode material for triboelectric energy harvesting.