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<p>Antibiotic residues in aquatic ecosystems remain persistent contaminants that promote bioaccumulation and the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant genes. Photocatalysis is a viable method for degrading antibiotics. This work developed a sustainable photocatalyst by integrating TiO<sub>2</sub> with mesoporous silica derived from rice husk waste, offering a novel strategy for the valorization of agricultural waste in wastewater treatment. The optimal synthesis conditions for SM were achieved at 120&#xa0;°C for 12&#xa0;h via the solvothermal method, producing high-purity silica with low bulk density. The SMT-0.5 composite with an SM-to-TiO<sub>2</sub> ratio of 1:2 exhibited the best photocatalytic performance. The decoration of titania enhanced the surface area from 70.12 to 90.80&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;and resulted in the formation of mixed anatase–rutile phases with a band gap of 2.85&#xa0;eV. Under optimal conditions, the composite SMT-0.5 achieved degradation efficiencies of 94%, 98%, and 99% toward amoxicillin, betamox, and rifampicin, respectively, following pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. Radical-scavenging analysis demonstrated that e⁻, ·OH, and ·O<sub>2</sub>⁻ played key roles in the photocatalytic process. The findings demonstrate that mesoporous silica derived from rice husks has the potential to serve as an effective, environmentally friendly support for TiO₂-based photocatalysts for treating antibiotic wastewater.</p>

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Titania-Decorated Mesoporous Silica Derived From Rice Husk for Photodegradation of Antibiotic Contaminants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Intan Farhani,
  • Nadiatus Silmi,
  • Fitri Khoerunnisa,
  • John Philia,
  • Swasmi Purwajanti,
  • Nur Rohmah,
  • Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy,
  • Nur Farhana Binti Jaafar,
  • Ni Luh Wulan Septiani,
  • Athanasia Amanda Septevani

摘要

Antibiotic residues in aquatic ecosystems remain persistent contaminants that promote bioaccumulation and the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant genes. Photocatalysis is a viable method for degrading antibiotics. This work developed a sustainable photocatalyst by integrating TiO2 with mesoporous silica derived from rice husk waste, offering a novel strategy for the valorization of agricultural waste in wastewater treatment. The optimal synthesis conditions for SM were achieved at 120 °C for 12 h via the solvothermal method, producing high-purity silica with low bulk density. The SMT-0.5 composite with an SM-to-TiO2 ratio of 1:2 exhibited the best photocatalytic performance. The decoration of titania enhanced the surface area from 70.12 to 90.80 m2 g−1 and resulted in the formation of mixed anatase–rutile phases with a band gap of 2.85 eV. Under optimal conditions, the composite SMT-0.5 achieved degradation efficiencies of 94%, 98%, and 99% toward amoxicillin, betamox, and rifampicin, respectively, following pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. Radical-scavenging analysis demonstrated that e⁻, ·OH, and ·O2⁻ played key roles in the photocatalytic process. The findings demonstrate that mesoporous silica derived from rice husks has the potential to serve as an effective, environmentally friendly support for TiO₂-based photocatalysts for treating antibiotic wastewater.