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<p>The contamination of aquaculture systems by chemical pollutants and pathogenic bacteria poses significant threats to aquatic organisms, particularly fish. In this study, a biocompatible zirconium-based porous material was synthesized and evaluated for its dual functionality: removal of environmental contaminants and control of fish-associated pathogens. The material exhibited high maximum adsorption for phenol and Congo Red, so that, 97% of Congo Red solution (500&#xa0;mg/L) was removed by 0.05&#xa0;g/L of zirconium-based porous material at pH 8, 50&#xa0;°C, and 45&#xa0;min. Under the same conditions, 93% of the Phenol Red red solution was adsorbed at 60&#xa0;min. Simultaneously, antibacterial assays against several pathogenic bacterial strains relevant to aquaculture revealed significant inhibitory and bactericidal effects, with MIC and MBC values of (2&#xa0;µg.mL<sup>− 1</sup> and 4&#xa0;µg.mL<sup>− 1</sup>) to (16&#xa0;µg.mL<sup>− 1</sup> and 32&#xa0;µg.mL<sup>− 1</sup>) observed. The combined adsorptive and antimicrobial properties of this zirconium porous material underscore its potential as a multifunctional approach for enhancing water quality and safeguarding fish health. These findings provide a promising strategy for integrated water treatment and pathogen management in aquaculture systems, offering both environmental and biological protection.</p>

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Biocompatible Zirconium Porous Material for Simultaneous Removal of Contaminants and Management of Fish-Associated Pathogens

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Abdullah A. Aseeri,
  • Fadhil Faez Sead,
  • Farag M. A. Altalbawy,
  • Shirin Shomurotova,
  • Nawfal Yousif,
  • Ahmed Salih Sahib,
  • Zahraa Saad Abdulali,
  • Mariem Alwan,
  • Mahmood Jawad,
  • Hiba Mushtaq,
  • Aseel Smerat

摘要

The contamination of aquaculture systems by chemical pollutants and pathogenic bacteria poses significant threats to aquatic organisms, particularly fish. In this study, a biocompatible zirconium-based porous material was synthesized and evaluated for its dual functionality: removal of environmental contaminants and control of fish-associated pathogens. The material exhibited high maximum adsorption for phenol and Congo Red, so that, 97% of Congo Red solution (500 mg/L) was removed by 0.05 g/L of zirconium-based porous material at pH 8, 50 °C, and 45 min. Under the same conditions, 93% of the Phenol Red red solution was adsorbed at 60 min. Simultaneously, antibacterial assays against several pathogenic bacterial strains relevant to aquaculture revealed significant inhibitory and bactericidal effects, with MIC and MBC values of (2 µg.mL− 1 and 4 µg.mL− 1) to (16 µg.mL− 1 and 32 µg.mL− 1) observed. The combined adsorptive and antimicrobial properties of this zirconium porous material underscore its potential as a multifunctional approach for enhancing water quality and safeguarding fish health. These findings provide a promising strategy for integrated water treatment and pathogen management in aquaculture systems, offering both environmental and biological protection.