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<p>Water pollution from synthetic dyes poses serious environmental challenges due to their toxicity and persistence. In this study, Zn<sub>1-x</sub>Mg<sub>x</sub>O<sub>1-δ</sub>–CuO–NiO (x = 0.10–0.50) nanocomposites were synthesized via a simple soft chemical method and thoroughly characterized prior to photocatalytic evaluation, including crystal structure, morphology, surface properties, elemental composition, optical behavior, and textural features. N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption analysis revealed a BET surface area of 21.5 m<sup>2</sup>/g for Zn<sub>0.90</sub>Mg<sub>0.10</sub>O<sub>1-δ</sub>–CuO–NiO, while the bandgap increased from 1.88&#xa0;eV to 1.99&#xa0;eV with increasing Mg content, confirming the role of Mg in tuning optical properties. Photocatalytic studies demonstrated that Zn<sub>0.90</sub>Mg<sub>0.10</sub>O<sub>1-δ</sub>–CuO–NiO exhibited superior sunlight absorption, efficient charge-carrier separation, and enhanced electron–hole mobility, achieving 94% degradation of Rose Bengal dye within 105&#xa0;min under direct sunlight, with pseudo-first-order rate constants (<i>k</i>) of 0.018–0.014&#xa0;min⁻<sup>1</sup> for the series. Radical-trapping experiments identified superoxide (•O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) and hydroxyl (•OH) radicals as the primary reactive species, and the photocatalyst showed excellent stability and reusability over five cycles. These results indicate that Zn<sub>1-x</sub>Mg<sub>x</sub>O<sub>1-δ</sub>–CuO–NiO nanocomposites are effective solar-driven photocatalysts, offering a promising strategy for sustainable dye removal and wastewater treatment.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Solar-Light Powered Photocatalytic Disintegration of Rose Bengal Dye Using Zn1-xMgxO1-δ–CuO–NiO Nanocomposites: Preparation, Functional Analysis and Optical Evaluation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • Selvasubramanian Kokila,
  • Arputharaj Samson Nesaraj

摘要

Water pollution from synthetic dyes poses serious environmental challenges due to their toxicity and persistence. In this study, Zn1-xMgxO1-δ–CuO–NiO (x = 0.10–0.50) nanocomposites were synthesized via a simple soft chemical method and thoroughly characterized prior to photocatalytic evaluation, including crystal structure, morphology, surface properties, elemental composition, optical behavior, and textural features. N2 adsorption–desorption analysis revealed a BET surface area of 21.5 m2/g for Zn0.90Mg0.10O1-δ–CuO–NiO, while the bandgap increased from 1.88 eV to 1.99 eV with increasing Mg content, confirming the role of Mg in tuning optical properties. Photocatalytic studies demonstrated that Zn0.90Mg0.10O1-δ–CuO–NiO exhibited superior sunlight absorption, efficient charge-carrier separation, and enhanced electron–hole mobility, achieving 94% degradation of Rose Bengal dye within 105 min under direct sunlight, with pseudo-first-order rate constants (k) of 0.018–0.014 min⁻1 for the series. Radical-trapping experiments identified superoxide (•O2−) and hydroxyl (•OH) radicals as the primary reactive species, and the photocatalyst showed excellent stability and reusability over five cycles. These results indicate that Zn1-xMgxO1-δ–CuO–NiO nanocomposites are effective solar-driven photocatalysts, offering a promising strategy for sustainable dye removal and wastewater treatment.

Graphical Abstract