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<p>The rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections has intensified the search for eco-friendly, cost-effective, and potent antimicrobial agents. In this context, this study presents the bio synthesis of silver–magnesium oxide nanocomposites (Ag-MgONCs) using <i>Talinum fructicosum</i> leaf extract as a renewable reducing and capping agent, highlighting a novel biosynthetic route that combines the individual antibacterial strengths of Ag and MgO into a unified nanocomposite platform. The synthesis involved molecular integration between preformed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and an in situ-prepared MgO precursor, resulting in nanocomposites with an average grain crystallite size of 22 ± 7&#xa0;nm, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showing a cubic crystalline structure. SEM-EDX and TEM analyses revealed a distinct core–shell architecture of the nanocomposites with mean particle sizes of 103&#xa0;nm, while Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measured a hydrodynamic size of 295&#xa0;nm, indicating effective stabilization in colloidal form. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed phytochemical functional groups from the <i>T. fructicosum</i> extract on the nanocomposite surface, supporting its dual role in reduction and stabilization. The antibacterial evaluation of <i>Talinum fruticosum</i>-mediated Ag-MgONCs against Gram-negative bacteria, including <i>Escherichia coli</i>,<i> Acinetobacter baumannii</i>,<i> Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>,<i> Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, revealed a marked improvement in activity compared to both the aqueous plant extract and monometallic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The MIC data showed that Ag-MgONCs consistently achieved lower inhibitory concentrations, with the 0.25&#xa0;mg/mL dose exhibiting strong activity across all strains, often comparable to or exceeding that of standard antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and gentamicin). MBC assays further confirmed the potent bactericidal nature of Ag-MgONCs, with MBC/MIC ratios ≤ 4 in all cases. These findings were statistically significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and validated by appropriate sterility and positive growth controls. In conclusion, the biosynthesized Ag-MgONCs exhibit promising antimicrobial potential, positioning them as candidates for future development in nano-biomedical applications such as wound dressings, antimicrobial coatings, and alternative therapies for MDR bacterial infections after toxicity has been studied.</p>

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Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Potential Antimicrobial Studies of Silver–Magnesium Oxide Nanocomposites Mediated from Talinum fruticosum Leaf Extract

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Gildas Fonye Nyuyfoni,
  • Francois Eya’ane Meva,
  • Agwara Moïse Ondoh,
  • Leonard Kwati,
  • Gilbert Njowir Ndzeidze,
  • Awawou Paboudam Gbambie

摘要

The rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections has intensified the search for eco-friendly, cost-effective, and potent antimicrobial agents. In this context, this study presents the bio synthesis of silver–magnesium oxide nanocomposites (Ag-MgONCs) using Talinum fructicosum leaf extract as a renewable reducing and capping agent, highlighting a novel biosynthetic route that combines the individual antibacterial strengths of Ag and MgO into a unified nanocomposite platform. The synthesis involved molecular integration between preformed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and an in situ-prepared MgO precursor, resulting in nanocomposites with an average grain crystallite size of 22 ± 7 nm, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showing a cubic crystalline structure. SEM-EDX and TEM analyses revealed a distinct core–shell architecture of the nanocomposites with mean particle sizes of 103 nm, while Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measured a hydrodynamic size of 295 nm, indicating effective stabilization in colloidal form. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed phytochemical functional groups from the T. fructicosum extract on the nanocomposite surface, supporting its dual role in reduction and stabilization. The antibacterial evaluation of Talinum fruticosum-mediated Ag-MgONCs against Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, revealed a marked improvement in activity compared to both the aqueous plant extract and monometallic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The MIC data showed that Ag-MgONCs consistently achieved lower inhibitory concentrations, with the 0.25 mg/mL dose exhibiting strong activity across all strains, often comparable to or exceeding that of standard antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and gentamicin). MBC assays further confirmed the potent bactericidal nature of Ag-MgONCs, with MBC/MIC ratios ≤ 4 in all cases. These findings were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) and validated by appropriate sterility and positive growth controls. In conclusion, the biosynthesized Ag-MgONCs exhibit promising antimicrobial potential, positioning them as candidates for future development in nano-biomedical applications such as wound dressings, antimicrobial coatings, and alternative therapies for MDR bacterial infections after toxicity has been studied.